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2.2 Composite Materials
Composite materials normally consist of two or more constituents which can
be identified each of their elements after combining at macroscopic level. It consists
of reinforcing phase and matrix phase [16]. Composite materials cannot be defined
specifically because there are vast range of materials that used currently also can be
considered as a composite, and it is difficult to agree upon a single, simple and useful
definition. Typically, the development of modern composite materials with the intend
to achieve a balance of the material properties when it is in practices or during services.
Previous literature defined composite as a material which is created by combining two
or more dissimilar reinforcements to achieve a better property than its parental
constituents [17]. The idea to develop a composite material is not just only to reinforce
fibres with continuous matrices such epoxy or polyester, but to produce an advanced
material with superior properties compared to its constituent material alone. In recent
years, composites are gradually used in civil aviation such as in the new Boeing 787
“Dreamliner” [18], as shown in Figure 2.1
Figure 2.1 Diagram illustrating the use of composite materials in various
components of the Boeing 787 aircraft [18]
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