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Basalt

Glass

Back side Impact side

Figure 2.23 Impact damage between glass and basalt composites (100 J) [86]

Ahmed et al. [96] explored the hybridisation effect of glass/jute with different

volume fraction of glass content in resisting low velocity impact loading at 5, 10, 15
and 20 J of energy levels. Pure jute laminate exhibited a higher impact energy

absorption in comparison with glass/jute composite. In terms of damage severity,

glass/jute was better than pure jute as illustrated in Figure 2.24. In terms of peak load,
jute laminate exhibited the lowest values for all the energies imposed which were

highly correlated with the level of energy supplied. The higher the energy levels
imposed on the tested specimen, the higher the peak load was recorded. In addition,

peak load was increased at all energy levels when glass fibre was embedded between

8 to 16 % by weight in creating hybrid composite of glass/jute as illustrated in Figure
2.25. For the maximum deflection, jute laminate recorded the highest value. However,

the deflection of glass/jute decreased when the glass content increased more than 16.5
% which caused the laminate stiffer. Similar study was conducted on jute woven fabric

sandwiched with glass woven composites toughened epoxy matrix laminates. It was
found that when the glass layer was put at the outer surface of the sandwich, it reacted

as a strong skin and capable to enhance the impact properties in comparison with pure

jute composite [34].

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