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ANIMALS28

          Presence and Mood

         THESE DRAWINGS HAVE BEEN CHOSEN to s h o w t w o v e r y   from the dark of the sea and of our nightmares. Apparently
         different ways of picturing a wild animal. Hugo mixed his  drawn in its o w n ink, it silently rises to the light, conjured
         media and drew from memory and imagination to create       by the hand of a great author of French literary fiction.
         narrative atmosphere. By contrast, Gericault took a sharp
         pencil to make repeated direct observations from life.         Gericault's sheet appears almost scratched by the
                                                                    ferocious play of his cat. He has watched her pounce,
             Hugo's page is flooded with the fearful presence of a  snarl, and turn, drawing her again and again to pin down
         remembered octopus. As if disturbed from its gritty bed    the texture of her loose skin, her bony frame, her sharp
         by our presence and curiosity, the ominous beast unwinds   teeth, and her distinctive temperament.

                                                                    VICTOR HUGO
                                                                    Poet, novelist, playwright,
                                                                    and leader of the French
                                                                    Romantic movement. Hugo's
                                                                    novels Les Miserables and

                                                                    The Hunchback of Notre

                                                                    Dame have become classics
                                                                    of film and stage. His copious
                                                                    drawings are characterized
                                                                    by mixed media, drama, and
                                                                    a love of accident.

                                                                    Layers and shadows Throughout
                                                                    this drawing, linseed oil soaked
                                                                    into the paper has made shadows
                                                                    and repelled the ink to create
                                                                    translucent tentacles. The octopus
                                                                    is formed in layers applied and
                                                                    distressed with a brush. Surrounding
                                                                    sprays of graphite powder are stuck
                                                                    into washes of oil and ink to
                                                                    suggest glutinous depths.

                                                                    Mixed media Here, Hugo used
                                                                    graphite powder, ink and linseed
                                                                    oil on paper. He wrote to poet and
                                                                    art critic Charles-Pierre Baudelaire
                                                                    about his experiments, saying
                                                                    "... I've ended up mixing in pencil,
                                                                    charcoal, sepia, coal dust, soot,
                                                                    and all sorts of bizarre concoctions
                                                                    which manage to convey more
                                                                    or less what I have in view, and
                                                                    above all in mind...".

                                                                    Pieuvre

                                                                    1866-69
                                                                    91/2 x81/8in (242 x 207 mm)
                                                                    VICTOR HUGO
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