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Let A and be as in Example 7; that is,
Then

Polynomial Expressions Involving Matrices

If A is a square matrix, say  , and if

is any polynomial, then we define                                                                                        (1)
                                                    matrix that results when A is substituted for x in 1 and is
where I is the  identity matrix. In words,  is the
replaced by .

EXAMPLE 9 Matrix Polynomial
If

then

Properties of the Transpose

The next theorem lists the main properties of the transpose operation.
THEOREM 1.4.9

  Properties of the Transpose
  If the sizes of the matrices are such that the stated operations can be performed, then

     (a)
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