Page 123 - NAVAL SCIENCE 3 TEXTBOOK

128 LEADERSH I P

Step three: performance. The performance step is the step in Role pillying provides insight into cOlllmon individual and
which the students practice under supelyision untiJ they have group problems. reveals different attitudes, and tests vllrious ideas
attained the required proficienC)l. During this step, they apply what in a practical situation. Students learn to organize thoughts and
they have previously learned as a result of the demonstrations. responses instantly while reacting to a situation or question.
Guidelines for effective use of the demonstration. Practice or Disadvantages. Students sometimes emphasize perfornllll1ce
rehearse the demonstration in its entirety with an eye on time lim- (showing off) over the intended objectives of the topic. Role play-
itations. \Vhen it is time to put on the demonstration. make sure ing is time-consuming. Some students are unable to identi~' with
that all materials are at hand. Make sure that the students are situ- the roles or situation. Hot topics and controversial issues some-
.. lied such that all can sec and hear. Use questions during the dem- times get out of hand in role playing. Role playing ma)' benefit
onstration to obtain feedback. At the end of the demonstration, only the Ilctllal participants unless the objectives for the class have
conduct it brief review of the steps involved or a short summary of been clearl), specified.
what has happened.
Case Study
Role Playing
The case study is an instructional approach that requires the
Role pla)'ing is an instructionlll technique involving a spon- student to analyze problem situations that may be hypotheticlll or
taneous porlm),'.ll (acting out) of a situation. condition. or cir- relli. The student receives a "case"-a report containing 0:111 pertinent
cumstance by selected members of the class. It is a form of data. The student then must analyze the data, e"aIullte the 1l000ture of
improvisation in which the participants assume the identity of the problem. decide upon applic<1ble principles. Ilnd finllUy recom-
other persons and then fellct as they believe those persons would mend a solution or course of action. The case 111<1)' be handled by
in a particular situation. Role playing is especially useful in helping the class as a whole. by subgroups of the class. or by <1n individual.
students understalld perspectives and different ethllic and cultural Also, the case may be designed to be handled in varied time peri-
backgrounds, and in problem-solving situations where different ods, ranging from a single class period to the entire course.
roles are in opposition to each other. Role playing is often effective Analysis of the data involves sllch things as the usc of reference
in counseling or tutoring. materials prepared for the study, or knowledge and theory already
Advantages. Role playing Gill be fun, interesting, motivating, possessed by others and listed in manuals and books. Evaluating
Ilnd meaningful, and helps to break the routine of other classroom and determining applicable principles calls upon the students to
experiences.

Cooperative learning, as in this
group of Sea Cadets learning
to spit-shine their shoes, is an
excellent way to achieve a group-
learning goal. (Dave Gordon)