Page 279 - NS-2 Textbook

274 NAUTICAL SCIENCES

struck with almost no pl"evious ·warning. Reconnaissance 9. What weather is associated with occluded fronts?
airplanes equipped with radar and weather instruments 10. What are the three stages of a thlUlderstorm, and
were sent to scout suspected storm areas. what happens in each stage?
In more recent years, weather satellites supple- 11. What weather phenomena occur within a thunder-
mented by reconnaissance aircraft are used to supply storm?
data on these stonns. Bulletins are issued every few 12. WIly should aircraft avoid flying through a thlUlder-
hours, giving the latest information on the storm, its in- storm?
tensity, and its present location and probable path, thus 13. What is lighhling, and what causes it to happen?
furnishing timely warning to all who may be in danger. 14. A. What is meant by the statement "Lighhling fol-
Ships and aircraft can change course to avoid the storm; 1O'\\'8 the easiest route"?
people have time to secure their property to reduce dam- B. What causes thunder?
age, and evacuate from areas expected to bear the bnmt 15. A. Where do most tornadoes occur?
of the storm. III B. What name is given to a tornado over water?
16. A. WIlat are the three categories of tropical cyclone?
B. What is the established minimum wind velocity
for a tropical cyclone?
CRITICAL THINKING
17. How are the names given to tropical cyclones
1. There has been much speculation in the scientific com- arolUld the world chosen?
mlmity in recent years about the link between alleged 18. How does a hurricane develop, and V\Thy is it so
global warming and the increased frequency of severe violent?
weather worldwide. Research the alleged global warm- 19. What are the two most usual tracks or paths of a
ing trend and its causes, and the arglUnents given in North Atlantic hurricane?
support of its link with the increasing incidence of se- 20. WIlat is the "eye" of the hurricane, and what is lUl-
vere-,veather ·worldwide. usual about this part of the storm?
21. What aspect of a hurricane usually causes the most
damage and casualties?
U
22. When is "hurricane season ?
Study Guide Questions
23. Explain the "dangerous" and "navigable" semi-
1. A. How do weather fronts develop? circles of a hurricane.
B. What usually happens when a cold front meets a 24. What are the four categories of signals for lUlfavor-
warm-air mass? able winds in the vicinity of harbors and beaches in
2. What kind of weather does a front usually bring? the United States?
3. What are the three types of frontal systems? 25. What means are used to locate and track hurricanes?
4. A. What are the names of the world's prinlary
frontal zones?
Vocabulary
B. Where is the Intertropical Convergence Zone
(LTCZ), and why is it of particular inlportance? warm front tornado
5. What are squalls, and what are their characteristics? cold front tropical depression
6. Why is the Polar Frontal Zone inlportant to those occluded front hurricane
who live in the temperate zones? Intertropical Convergence Zone typhoon
7. What are the first signs of an approaching cold front? squall willy-willies
8. What are the signs of an approaching warm front? waterspout baguio