Page 1004 - Hall et al (2015) Principles of Critical Care-McGraw-Hill

CHAPTER 80: Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers 735

TABLE 80-1 Etiology and Epidemiology of Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (Continued)
Pathogens
Geographic
Family Genus Virus Disease Distribution Common Modes of Human Infection Reservoir
Junin virus (JUNV) Argentine HF Argentina Aerosol of urine or direct contact Vesper mice (Calomys musculinus
with rodent and C laucha)
Machupo virus (MACV) Bolivian HF Bolivia Aerosol of urine or direct contact Vesper mouse (Calomys callosus)
with rodent
Guanarito virus (GTOV) Venezuelan HF Venezuela Aerosol of urine or direct contact Short-tailed cane mouse (Zygodontomys
with rodent brevicauda)
https://kat.cr/user/tahir99/
Chapare virus Chapare HF Bolivia Unknown Unknown
Sabiá virus (SABV) Brazilian HF Brazil Unknown initial case; lab infections Unknown
Filoviridae Marburgvirus Lake Victoria Marburg HF Africa Infection in caves or mines infested by Most likely Egyptian fruit bat (Rousettus
marburgvirus (MARV) bats; person-to-person transmission aegyptiacus)
Ebolavirus Zaire (ZEBOV) Ebola HF Africa Probable exposure to tree-dwelling Probably tree-dwelling African fruit bats
African fruit bats; person-to-person
transmission
Sudan (SEBOV)
Côte d’Ivoire (CIEBOV)
Bundibugyo (BEBOV)
Reston (REBOV) Nonpathogenic Philippines Handlers of monkeys and pigs Probably pigs
Bunyaviridae Nairovirus Crimean-Congo Crimean-Congo HF Africa, Europe, and Tick bite; exposure to livestock; Ticks (Hyalomma marginatum)
HF virus (CCHFV) Asia person-to-person transmission
Phlebovirus Rift Valley fever virus Rift Valley fever Africa Mosquito bites; exposure to sheep and Flood mosquitoes (Aedes mcintoshii)
(RVFV) cattle; lab infections
Arabian Peninsula
Severe fever with Severe fever with China Tick bite; person-to-person transmission Ticks (Haemaphysalis longicornis)
thrombocytopenia thrombocytopenia
syndrome virus syndrome (SFTS)
Hantavirus Hantaan virus (HTNV) HFRS (Korean HF) China, South Korea, Mostly primary aerosols of rodent urine, Korean striped field mouse (Apodemus
(HFRS group) Russia with low risk of secondary aerosols from agrarius koreae)
urine, feces, and respiratory secretions
Amur virus (AMRV) HFRS China, South Korea, Like Hantaan virus Apodemus peninsulae
Russia
Dobrava-Belgrade HFRS Balkans Like Hantaan virus Yellow-necked forest mouse (Apodemus
virus (DOBV) flavicollis)
Saaremaa virus HFRS Baltic countries and Like Hantaan virus Apodemus agrarius
eastern Europe
Puumala virus (PUUV) HFRS (NE) Europe Like Hantaan virus Myodes glareolus
Seoul virus HFRS Worldwide in cities Like Hantaan virus Norwegian rat (Rattus norvegicus)
Hantavirus Sin Nombre virus (SNV) HCPS North America Primary aerosols of rodent urine; low Deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus)
(HCPS group) risk of secondary aerosols from urine,
feces, and respiratory secretions
New York virus (NYV) HCPS North America Like Sin Nombre virus White-footed mouse (Peromyscus leucopus)
Monongahela HCPS North America Like Sin Nombre virus Deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus)
virus (MGLV)
Black Creek Canal Like Sin Nombre virus Cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus)
virus (BCCV)
Bayou virus (BAYV) Like Sin Nombre virus Rice rat (Oryzomys palustris)
Andes virus (ANDV) HCPS with DIC South America Like Sin Nombre virus plus person-to- Oligoryzomys longicaudatus
person transmission
Araraquara, Juquitiba, HCPS South America Like Sin Nombre virus Various rodents
Laguna Negra, Choclo,
Bermejo, Lechiguanas,
Maciel, Oran virus
DHF, dengue hemorrhagic fever; DIC: disseminated intravascular coagulation; DSS, dengue shock syndrome; HCPS, hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome; HF, hemorrhagic fever; HFRS, hemorrhagic fever with renal
syndrome; NE: nephropathia epidemica.

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