Page 447 - Clinical Application of Mechanical Ventilation

Management of Mechanical Ventilation 413

7. The PaO of a spontaneously breathing patient has been deteriorating while on 60% of oxygen via a
2
partial-rebreathing mask. The physician asks the therapist to suggest the best solution for this problem.
The therapist should recommend the following procedures in the order provided:
A. CPAP, mechanical ventilation with PEEP, inverse ratio ventilation.
B. inverse ratio ventilation, mechanical ventilation, PEEP.
C. mechanical ventilation, CPAP, inverse ratio ventilation with PEEP.
D. mechanical ventilation, inverse ratio ventilation, PEEP.

8. Compensated respiratory acidosis and compensated metabolic alkalosis have similar blood gas character-
-
istics: normal pH, high PaCO , and high HCO . One useful clue to differentiate these two conditions
3
2
is that in compensated:
A. respiratory acidosis, the pH is on the acidotic side of normal range.
B. metabolic alkalosis, the pH is on the acidotic side of normal range.
C. respiratory and metabolic acidosis, both pH are on the alkalotic side of normal range.
D. respiratory and metabolic alkalosis, both pH are on the acidotic side of normal range.

9. A patient’s low pressure alarm is triggered persistently. The likely causes of this condition include all of
the following except:
A. disconnection of ventilator circuit.
B. kinking of endotracheal tube.
C. power failure.
D. leakage of endotracheal tube cuff.

10. During patient rounds in the ICU, the high pressure alarm of a ventilator is triggered. This condition is
likely caused by:

A. disconnection of ventilator circuit.
B. low pressure limit set too high.
C. loose ventilator humidifier fitting.
D. patient coughing.

11. Analysis of sputum samples by the culture and sensitivity method is _______. It provides information
on the type of _______ that the microbes are sensitive to.

A. quick, sterilizing agents
B. quick, antibiotics
C. time-consuming, sterilizing agents
D. time-consuming, antibiotics

12. The urine output of a patient is about 15 mL/hour. This volume of urine output is _______ than normal
and it implies that there is too _______ fluid in the extracellular fluid compartment.
A. higher, much B. higher, little
C. lower, much D. lower, little

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