Page 369 - Color Atlas Of Pathophysiology (S Silbernagl Et Al, Thieme 2000)

A. Volume Changes of Brain Compartments
Skull
Intracellular (~80%)
Interstitial (<10%)
CSF (~10%)
Intravascular (~1–3%)
Exchange
of metabolites
1 Cranial volumes 2 Pulse-synchronous vessel dilation
Cell swelling Outflow obstruction Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure

CSF space CSF pressure CSF space
collapsed
Vessel
Vessel narrowing
narrowing
Plate 10.31
Cerebral perfusion Cerebral perfusion Death of neurons
3 Cell swelling 4 Acute CSF obstruction 5 Chronic CSF obstruction
B. Cerebral Edema
Energy deficiency
Pr –
ATP Blood H 2 O
K +
Na + + Osm
Depolarization Na
Interstitial space
Cl –
2 Of vascular origin H 2 O
H 2 O entry Osm
Cell swelling
1 Cytotoxic cerebral edema 3 Interstitial
C. Effects of Increased Intracranial Pressure Skull
Photo: Hollwich F. Taschenatlas der Augenheilkunde. 3rd ed. Stuttgart: Thieme; 1987 Hypertension Cerebellum
c
Headache
Nausea
Vomiting
Coma
b
Bradycardia
Squint
Fixed pupils
a
1 Papilledema 2 Additional effects 3 Herniation 359
Silbernagl/Lang, Color Atlas of Pathophysiology © 2000 Thieme
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