Page 292 - Concise Pathology for Exam Preparation ( PDFDrive )

11 Disorders of the Heart 277

RHD IF
Small warty vegetation Large vegetation
along lines of closure of on valve cusps
valve leaflets extending into
chordae
Valve leaflet

Chordae

NBTE LSE
Small vegetations Medium sized vegetations
along lines of closure of on one or both sides of
valve leaflete valve leaflete
FIGURE 11.7. Types of endocardial vegetations.

Q. Write briefly on the aetiology and clinicopathological features of
myocarditis.

Ans. Myocarditis is inflammatory involvement of the myocardium, which has diverse
causes. It is classified based on aetiology into
1. Infective myocarditis
(a) Viral (coxsackie, ECHO, influenza, HIV)
(b) Chlamydial (Chlamydophyla psittachi)
(c) Rickettsial (Rickettsia typhi)
(d) Bacterial (C. diphtheriae, Neisseria meningococcus, Borrelia)
(e) Fungal (Candida)
(f) Helminthic (Trichinosis)
(g) Protozoal (Trypanosoma, Toxoplasma)
2. Immunological myocarditis
(a) Connective tissue diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, lupus erythematosus, polyarteritis
nodosa and scleroderma)
(b) Drug hypersensitivity (methyldopa and sulphonamides)
(c) Postviral
(d) Poststreptococcal
(e) Transplant rejection
3. Myocarditis of unknown origin
(a) Sarcoidosis
(b) Giant cell myocarditis

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