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1978 Part XII: Hemostasis and Thrombosis Chapter 115: Vascular Function In Hemostasis 1979

TABLE 115–5. Dual Roles of Inflammatory Mediators in LEUKOCYTE–ENDOTHELIAL CELL
Thrombosis and Hemostasis MATRIX INTERACTIONS THAT
Role in Role in Thrombosis PROMOTE COAGULATION
Mediator Inflammation or Hemostasis The same proinflammatory stimuli that stimulate de novo expression of
Histamine, thrombin P-selectin expres- Degranulation E-selectin and VCAM-1, and augment expression of ICAM-1 for the
sion induced on vas- of Weibel-Palade recruitment of leukocytes, may stimulate synthesis and expression of TF
cular endothelium bodies; extrusion of by endothelial cells. Furthermore, adhesion of monocytic cell lines to
301
VWF cytokine-activated endothelial cells in culture leads to rapidly increased
Platelet-activating Activation of leuko- Activation of TF-related procoagulant activity. This effect is partially blocked by a
factor cyte integrins platelets monoclonal antibody directed against E-selectin on endothelium and
X
302
Expression of P- Adhesion of leuko- Adhesion of platelets is mimicked by crosslinking Le on the monocyte cell lines. A similar
selectin glyco- cytes to endothelial to adherent leuko- increase in TF gene expression can be induced by crosslinking α or β
4
1
protein ligand 1 P-selectin cytes via P-selectin integrin chains, the components of VLA-4 on monocytic cell lines. 303
(PSGL-1) bidirectionally During prolonged interaction of peripheral blood monocytes with
human endothelial cells, monocytes that migrated across endothelial
Adherent platelets Leukocyte rolling on Thrombosis 304
platelet P-selectin; cell monolayers expressed functional cell surface TF. Over the next
tight adhesion to several days, approximately half of these monocytes differentiated into
platelet membrane immature dendritic cells bearing even higher levels of TF, and migrated
component back across the intact endothelial cell monolayer. This migration could
Fibrinogen Adhesion of leuko- Bridging of platelets be blocked by soluble fragments of TF. Therefore, in this system, TF
cytes to fibrinogen to VWF and matrix was hypothesized to support both adhesion and a possible procoagulant
via CD11b/CD18 via α /β role. 304
IIb III Leukocytes that bind to P-selectin exposed on the surfaces of
Thrombin Induction of E-selec- Fibrinogen forma- platelets on adherent thrombi promote the conversion of fibrinogen to
tin expression and tion and platelet 305
IL-8 secretion by aggregation fibrin. The leukocyte integrin CD11b/CD18 has been shown to bind
306
endothelial cells fibrinogen. The same integrin has a conformational form that binds
coagulation factor X. Monocytic cells are capable of activating the
307
Leukocyte Integrin Adhesion of leuko- Binding and acti- bound factor X to factor Xa when activated, defining a pathway for
308
CD11b/CD18 cytes to endothe- vation of factor X, activation of factor X that is independent of TF.
lium; phagocytosis adhesion of plate-
CD11b/CD18 lets via GPIbα; adhe-
sion of platelets via
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Kaushansky_chapter 115_p1967-1984.indd 1979 9/18/15 10:09 AM