Page 256 - Clinical Hematology_ Theory _ Procedures ( PDFDrive )

240 PART 4 ■ Erythrocyte Disorders

Clinical Features of Acute TABLE 12.2 Blood Loss Anemia

TABLE 12.1 Hemorrhage in Healthy Young

Adults Acute Chronic

(24 Hours) (Months)

Volume of Etiology Trauma GI tract

Blood Loss Blood

(mL) Volume (%) Symptoms Menstruation

Urinary tract
500–1,000 10–20 Few or none
Blood volume Yes No
1,000–1,500 20–30 At rest (recumbent), disruption

asymptomatic
Iron de ciency No Yes

Upright position, light- Hematocrit (packed Usually normal Decreased

headedness, hypotension, cell volume)

tachycardia
WBC count Increased Normal
1,500–2,000 30–40 Symptomatic (recum-

bent), thirst, shortness Platelets Increased Normal
of breath, clouding or Reticulocytes Normal Increased

loss of consciousness;
blood pressure, cardiac

output, venous pressure A m
decrease; pulse usually , m

becomes rapid; extremi- m m m

ties become cold, clammy, m (RBC) (m

and pale m [MCV], m m [MCH],
m m [MCHC]).
2,000–2,500 40–50 Lactic acidosis, shock;

irreversible shock, death W m -
, -

From Greer JP, et al. Wintrobe’s Clinical Hematology, 11th ed, Philadelphia, m . T m k
PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2004:975.
x m

m x m m x m .

T m I k

, m (WBC) m

. T x m k m . T

k ( × /L) k .

. T m m mm -

m . NOTE: This is a good time to review the de nitions of the

I m Key Terms in the Glossary and . Complete Review

x .
Questions related to preceding content.

BOX 12.1
CHRONIC BLOOD LOSS ANEMIA

Physiologic Adaptations to Extreme Blood Etiology
Loss Chronic blood loss q

(GI) ,
ACUTE BLOOD LOSS m m m

■ I m . I m , m

■ I m x , m .

■ R m B m m

, x m ,
k ,

CHRONIC BLOOD LOSS ( B x . ). T m -

■ I m m .

■ I , -DPG (BPG) I m m x

■ D m - x f , m
. R RBC