Page 491 - Clinical Hematology_ Theory _ Procedures ( PDFDrive )

Myelodysplastic Syndromes and

24 Myelodysplastic/Myeloproliferative

CHAPTER

Neoplasms

KEY TERMS

chronic m yelom onocytic leukem ia myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) refractory anem ia with excess blasts
idiopathic cytopenia of undeterm ined myeloproliferative neoplasm s (RAEB-1 and RAEB-2)

signi cance (ICUS) (MPNs) refractory anem ia with ring sidero-
internuclear bridging (INB) refractory anem ia (RA) blasts (RARSs)

LEARNING OUTCOMES

Classi cation ■ Compare the laboratory features of speci c types of MDSs.

■ Describe the comparative characteristics of the French-American- ■ Distinguish between agranular blasts, granular blasts, and

British (FAB) and World Health Organization (WHO) classi cation of promyelocytes.

myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) and myelodysplastic/myelopro- ■ Calculate the percentage of myeloblasts in the bone marrow.

liferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN). Myelodysplastic syndromes/ myeloproliferative

Pathophysiology neoplasms

Explain the pathophysiology of MDSs. ■ Describe the unique features and laboratory characteristics of

chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML).
Etiology Distinguish between MDS and acute leukemia

■ Explain the causes or predisposing factors of primary and secondary
MDSs. Treatment

Explain the forms of treatment and supportive care for the MDSs.
Epidemiology

■ Describe the age and gender distribution of MDSs. Relationship of cytogenetics to prognosis

■ Discuss factors that can affect prognosis in the MDSs, including FAB
Chromosomal abnormalities classi cation and karyotype.

■ Brie y describe the causes, types, and consequences of chromo- Compare the parameters used in the International Scale for

somal abnormalities in MDSs. Prognosis.

■ List the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities.

■ Describe the relationship of cytogenetic ndings to prognosis in Case studies

MDSs. Analyze the patient history, clinical signs and symptoms, and labo-
ratory data for the stated case studies, answer the related critical
Clinical signs and symptoms thinking questions, and conclude the most likely diagnosis.

■ Explain the clinical signs and symptoms of MDSs.

Laboratory manifestations

■ Itemize the cellular alterations, with an emphasis on the prominent NOTE:
Indicates MLT and MLS core content
■
features and additional hematological features in the four sub- Indicates MLT (optional) and MLS advanced content
groups of MDS/MPN.

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