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11
11 Water and

Solutions

Water is often referred to as the universal solvent because it makes so many
different kinds of solutions. Eventually, moving water can dissolve solid rock,
carrying it away in solution.

CORE CONCEPT

Water and solutions of water have unique properties.

OUTLINE

Properties of Water 11.1 Household Water
Water is a universal solvent and 11.2 Properties of Water Structure of Water Molecules
has a high specific heat and a Structure of Water Molecules A water molecule is polar and
high latent heat of evaporation. Science and Society: Who Has the Right?
The Dissolving Process able to establish hydrogen
Concentration of Solutions bonding.
A Closer Look: Decompression Sickness
The Dissolving Process Solubility
Dissolving is the process 11.3 Properties of Water Solutions
of making a solution—a Electrolytes
homogeneous mixture of ions Boiling Point
or molecules of two or more Freezing Point Acids, Bases, and Salts
substances. 11.4 Acids, Bases, and Salts Solutions of acids, bases, and
Properties of Acids and Bases
Explaining Acid-Base Properties salts are evident in environmental
Strong and Weak Acids and Bases quality, food, and everyday living.
The pH Scale
Properties of Salts
Hard and Soft Water
A Closer Look: Acid Rain
People Behind the Science:
Johannes Nicolaus Brönsted

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