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Physics Form 4 Chapter 2 Force and Motion I

ACTIVITY 2.1

Problem statement: What is the acceleration of the trolley when it moves down the inclined plane?
Aim: To determine the acceleration of a trolley
Apparatus and materials: Trolley, inclined plane, stopwatch, ticker timer, ticker tape, a.c. power supply,
cellophane tape, and metre rule.
Instructions: Ticker timer
Trolley
Ticker tape
Inclined plane
Power supply
a.c. 12 V Chapter
Figure 2.12
1. Figure 2.12 shows the arrangement of apparatus for this experiment. 2
2. An inclined plane is arranged at an angle such that a trolley can move down the plane without
being pushed.
3. The trolley attached to a ticker tape which passes through a ticker timer is released and moves
from the higher to the lower end of the inclined plane.
4. A few initial ticks of the tape are discarded and the rest cut into strips of 10 ticks each.
5. The tapes are arranged side-by-side from beginning to the end. Length/cm
6. (a) Total time of movement of the trolley, 7.0
(b) total displacement of the trolley, 6.0
(c) average velocity of the trolley, 5.0
(d) average initial velocity u,
(e) average final velocity v, 4.0
(f) acceleration of the trolley, a is determined. 3.0
2.0
Results:
1.0
(a) Number of ticks for each strip of tape = 10 Ticks
Time taken for each strip of tape = 10 × 0.02 = 0.2 s 10 20 30 40 50 60
Total time taken by the trolley = Number of strips × 0.2 s Figure 2.13
= 6 × 0.2 = 1.2 s
(b) Total displacement of the trolley = Total length of all the strips
= (2.0 + 3.0 + 4.0 + 5.0 + 6.0 + 7.0) cm
= 27.0 cm
(c) Average velocity of the total motion of the trolley
= Total displacement = 27.0 cm = 22.5 cm s –1
Total time 1.2 s 1 –
Number of strips 2
(d) Average initial velocity, u = 2.0 = 10.0 cm s –1 of tapes
0.2 1

(e) Average final velocity, v = 7.0 = 35.0 cm s –1 1
0.2 1
1
1
(f) Time, t between u and v =  +1+1+1+1+  × 0.2 second v
2 2 1
= (6 – 1) × 0.2 second = 1.0 s 1 –
2
Hence, acceleration a = v – u = 35.0 – 10.0 = 25.0 cm s –2
t 1.0 u
Conclusion:
–2
The trolley moves with an acceleration of 25.0 cm s . Figure 2.14

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