Page 10 - Focus PT3 2020 Science ( BI Version )

Science PT3 Chapter 2 Cell as the Basic Unit of Life
Functions of Structures in Animal Cells and
Plant Cells Common Error

1. There are many similarities and differences between All plant cells contain chloroplasts.
animal cells and plant cells. Not all plant cells have Form Form
chloroplasts. For example, the
2. Both cells have a nucleus, cytoplasm, cell membrane epidermal cells of an onion
and mitochondria. bulb which do not carry out 1
photosynthesis do not contain
3. Plant cells have a cell wall, chloroplasts and vacuole. chloroplasts.
4. The structures of cells have different functions.

Cell membrane
• A thin layer which forms the external boundary of the cell.
• Controls the movement of materials into and out of the cell.

Nucleus
• Oval or spherical in shape.
• Controls all the activities of the cell.
• Contains chromosomes that are made up of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) which
carries genetic information that determines the characteristics of an organism.

Cytoplasm
• A jelly-like substance.
• As a medium where chemical processes occur.

Mitochondrion
• Cylindrical-shaped.
• The site of cellular respiration to generate energy.

The difference
between animal Animal cell Plant cell
VIDEO and plant cells
Chloroplast
Vacuole Cell wall • Contains a green
• A fluid-filled sac containing • An outer layer which pigment called
cell sap. surrounds the cell chlorophyll that
• Absorbs water and keeps membrane of a plant cell. absorbs sunlight
the cell turgid. This turgidity • Provides support and helps for the process of
provides support to the cell. protect the cell, and gives photosynthesis in
a fixed shape to the cell. green plants.
Figure 2.9 Functions of animal and plant cell structures

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