Page 84 - Buletin JSKM 2021

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Rafizah Kechil, Noor 'Aina Abdul Razak, Siti Asmah Mohamed and Fuziatul Nosyiha Ahmad
Shukri
Allah is the creator of the universe who has complete authority over all that exists.
Animals, plants, mountains, oceans, and planets, among other creations and objects, are all
subject to Allah's will. Nature's beauty is a wonderful gift from Almighty Allah. As Allah's
servants, we must do our role by studying Allah's creation with the brains that Allah has given
us.
Special Group Interest – Computer Aided Geometric Design (SIG-CAGD) shall look
at how the mathematical equations relate to nature in this article. We can appreciate the beauty
of Allah's pattern creation through the relationship between mathematics equations and nature.
One of the well-known mathematical equations that relate to nature is the Fibonacci Sequence.
The Fibonacci sequence is given by series of numbers
0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, ...
The following number is found by adding up the two numbers before. Fibonacci
sequence was first discovered by Al-Khwarizmi, a profound Muslim mathematician.
Fibonacci, the Italian mathematician, was the one who introduced the sequence of Fibonacci
numbers to Europe (Mastin, 2010; Asy-Syaimaa’Hussain & Ramli, 2017; Majid, 2019). The
Fibonacci sequence can be represented in the Fibonacci spiral as shown below:

Source: Cleveland (2020)
The Golden Ratio, often known as the Golden Mean, is approximated by the Fibonacci
sequence. When we take any two successive Fibonacci Numbers, their ratio is very close to the
Golden Ratio. The Golden Ratio, is a special number approximately equal to 1.618 (Meisner,
2012). Golden Ratio can be defined in terms of itself:
1
= 1 +

Golden Ratio appears many times in geometry, art, architecture, and other areas.
Patterns of flowers can be represented in Fibonacci Sequence-Golden Ratio. For example, the
spirals in the centre of sunflowers follow the Fibonacci sequence of 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55,
89, 144... In fact, there are two sets of curves that wind in opposite directions, with seeds
arranged at an angle from one another to form a lovely spiral.

Source: Cleveland (2020)
The numbers of petals in many flowers follow the Fibonacci sequence. Lilies and Iris,
for example, each have three petals. Buttercups, wild roses, columbines, and larkspurs all have
five petals. The petals of daisies are arranged in a magnificent Fibonacci sequence of 21, 34,
55, and 89. Marigold has a lovely 13-petal Fibonacci design. Delphinium flowers have eight