Page 42 - Facility Management Module

FACILITES DESIGN FOR VARIOUS FACILITIES FUNCTION

maintaining aisle space. Basically, the longer material stays in the plant the more

costly the product will be since no value is added to the product while material is
moved and/or stored.

5. Pre positioning material
It has two aspects to be considered. First, parts should be propositioned to
facilitate automatic load/unload, insertion, inspection, and so on. Second, when
material is delivered to a workstation and/or machine center, it should be placed in a
prespecified location with a designated orientation. Too often, direct labor personnel

need to spend non-value-adding time to preposition the material for machine loading.

The application of the rules of thumb discussed above can be used to improve
operations so that non-value-adding time is reduced and consequently the manu-

facturing cycle time is shortened. Reduction in wasted time increases available
machine time. Reducing cycle time means that products are completed early and
therefore the company can receive revenue dollars earlier. Thus, the turnover of capital
is increased, resulting in lower capital costs and higher profits to the company.

Figure 4.3: Inventories in the manufacturing cycle

4.1.4 Just-In-Time Manufacturing

The just-in-time (JIT) production system was developed more than three

decades ago by Ohno Taiichi at the Toyota Motor Company in Japan. "Just-in-time
means having the right part at the right place in the right amount at the right time.”
Just-in-time divide waste into the following seven categories:

1. Waste arising from overproduction

This mean that as the production lot increases, the unit production cost will

decrease. The classic economic order quantity lot-sizing model is an example. To
eliminate waste due to overproduction, “production lines must be reorganized, rules
must be established to prevent overproduction, and restraints against overproduction

must become a built-in feature of any equipment within the workplace."
BPLK 7 SUBJECT CODE