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d. Conservation Laws
Formulation and implementation of conservation law should be done strictly for
the conservation of biodiversity. Knowledge and awareness programes related to
conservations of biodiversity should be given to the people. The local authorities should
be made active in such programmes. There should be the provision of reward and
punishment for effective conservation of biodiversity.

e. Income Generation
The raw materials required for factories, industries, etc. are collected from biodiversity.
Production and collection of raw material helps to generate income. But while using
biodiversity as raw materials, it should be utilized properly without destroying its present
condition. For its conservation, some amount of the income generated from biodiversity
can be used in the conservation activities.

f. Change in Consumption Pattern
People consume vegetation, birds, animals and other natural resources in their daily
life. The consumption of these resources must be reduced gradually either by reusing or
recycling them. Development of self-interest is very important to conserve the existing
species.

g. Development of Positive Attitude
People should develop positive views towards the biodiversity. They should not exploit
the biodiversity to fulfill only the present needs. They should also think that biodiversity
is essential for future. They should reuse or recycle the materials to conserve biodiversity.

h. Establish and Manage Conservation Areas
Conservation areas should be established and managed properly for the conservation of
biodiversity. The In-Situ and Ex-Situ conservation areas help to preserve large variety of
biodiversity in the natural or artificial environment.

6.2 Biodiversity by Ecological Belts

Nepal is divided into three ecological regions like terai, hilly and mountain regions. They
have different geographical conditions, i.e. different climate, rainfall, temperature etc.
Due to these differences, different types of biodiversity is found in Nepal. Some major
biodiversity found in different ecological regions are given below.

A. Mountain Region

The mountain region lies in the Northern part of Nepal. It consists of the highest peak
of the world Mt. Everest along with many other mountain ranges. It also includes small
valleys and grassland. It has very cold climate. So, The agricultural diversity is limited in

GREEN Health, Population and Environment Education Book-10 121