Page 122 - Health, Population and Environment Education 10

this region. Very less population lives in this region (only 6.7% of total population by the
record of 2011 A.D.) Ethnic groups like Sherpa, Thakali, Managi, etc. live in this region.
Trees like birch, fir, dhupi, rhododendron, different types of pine, bhojpatra, etc. are found
in this region. Majority of plants/trees bear cones in this region.

Medicinal plants like timur, chiraito, panchaunle, padamchal, jatamasi, yarsagumba, etc.
are found here.

Fig: 7
Timur Chiraito Jatamasi
Similarly, birds like danphe, monal, koklas, pleasnt, cheer pheasant, kaliz, chilime, etc. are
found in the mountain region. Animals like squirrel, red panda, serow, ghoral, musk deer,
black bear, Himalayan sheep, snow leopard, yak, etc. are found.

Fig: 8
Yak Red panda Snow leopard
Animal husbandry is the major occupation of the people in this region. People tame
yak, sheep, mule, mountain goat, etc. There are suitable grazing areas for grazing these
cattle. So, large number of people generate good income from animal husbandry in the
mountain region.
Though very less percentage of land of mountain region is cultivatable (only 2%),
people cultivate wheat, maize, buckwheat, barley, uwa, potato, etc. Rice and green leafy
vegetables are also grown in some parts of this region.

B. Hilly Region
The hilly region lies between the mountain and the terai region. It covers 42% of the total
land of Nepal. It consists of big and small, narrow and wide valleys, steep cliff, plain land,
etc. It has moderate climate in comparison to the mountain region and the terai region.
This region is very rich in biodiversity among the three ecological regions of Nepal.
According to the CBS record of 2068 B.S., 43.1% of total population of Nepal live in this
region. Rai, Limbu, Tamang, Magar, Newar, Gurung, Brahmin, Chhetri etc. are the major

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