Page 38 - Health, Population and Environment Education 10

d. Impact on Air
Air is very important element in our life. We
need air for our survival. Without air, we
cannot survive even for few minutes. Air is
present in our surrounding every time. Air
is regenerated naturally in the earth. The
plants and trees produce oxygen gas during
photosynthesis process which is most essential
for our breathing. But, air is highly polluted
due to human beings and human activities. Fig: 16
Due to population growth, there is random increase of unmanaged urbanization and
industrialization. Unmanaged urbanization has caused random extension of settlement
areas and gathering of more people in rooms and houses. This has increased pollution
of air in the surrounding. Even there is increase of deforestation with unmanaged
urbanization. Due to deforestation, there is scarcity of fresh air. Even there is production
of various gases from kitchens in the houses which adds up air pollution. Industrialization
has caused establishment of various industries and factories in different parts of nation.
Industries and factories produce large amount of smoke containing harmful gases like
CO , CO, CH , SO , NO , NO, CFC, etc. Mixing of all those gases leads towards air
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2
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pollution. Similarly, there is increase in number of vehicles with the increased population.
Vehicles produce large amount of carbon monoxide (CO) gas which creates air pollution.
Likewise, unmanaged urbanization leads towards random construction of buildings and
apartments. Construction works add up dust particles in air and decrease the quality of
air. As a result, there is increase of ozone layer depletion, acid rainfall, global warming,
green house effect, climate change, desertification and other environmental consequences.
Moreover, there is spreading of various diseases like lung cancer, bronchitis, asthma,
pneumonia, Acute Respiratory Tract Infection (ARTI), etc.

e. Impact on Land
Land is the place where various living
creatures including human beings live. It is
the place where people cultivate various crops,
vegetables and other fruits plants. So, it is the
place which supplies us food for our proper
growth, development and survival. Increase of
population causes over utilization of land and
land pollution. Fig: 17
With the increase of population, there is increase in demand of food. People randomly
cut down forest so as to extend the cultivable land to grow more food. Even there is
unmanaged urbanization which causes extension of settlement areas and decrease of
land to grow food. Moreover, people excessively and randomly use chemical fertilizers,
insecticides, pesticides, etc. on land. They cultivate even in the slopy areas. As a result,
there is decrease in soil fertility, food production as well as increase of land pollution
and occurence of natural calamities like, landslide, soil erosion, etc. In the same way,
unmanaged urbanization and industrialization lead towards random discharge of
38 GREEN Health, Population and Environment Education Book-10