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Press, 1989; HALTTUNEN, Karen, Murder Most Foul: timento humanista está presente em RUSCHE, Georg o ato ocasional de contrariar o nosso hábito de fechar
The Killer and the American Gothic Imagination, Cam- e KIRCHHEIMER, Otto, Punishment and Social Struc­ os olhos ao sofrimento humano, o respeito por cada
bridge: Harvard University Press, 1998; EVANS, Rituals ture Nova Iorque: Russell and Russell, 1968, e, de uma indivíduo motivado por crenças religiosas ou huma-
of Retribution; ELIAS, Norbert, The Civilizing Process: forma mais sofisticada, em GATRELL, The Hanging nistas.» MORRIS, Norval, «Impediments to Penal
Sociogenetic and Psychogenetic Explorations, Londres: Tree. Reform» University of Chicago Law Review 33: 627,
Blackwell, 2000; SPIERENBURG, Spectacle of Suffering. 34 SPIERENBURG, Spectacle; ELIAS, Civilizing Process. 1966.
33 Spierenburg defende a primeira hipótese, Foucault 35 BANNER, The Death Penalty; SPIERENBURG, Specta­ 38 HUNT, Inventing Human Rights.
defende a segunda. SPIERENBURG, Spectacle of cle. 39 HOLMES, Passions and Constraints.
Suffering e FOUCAULT, Discipline and Punish. A tese 36 MCGOWAN, Randall, «History, Culture and the Death 40 GARLAND, Peculiar Institution.
do «processo civilizador» foi assumida por Pratt (2002) Penalty: The British Debates, 1840-70», Historical 41 HUNT, Inventing Human Rights; HOOD e HOYLE, Death
e Garland, Punishment and Modern Society. Smith Reflections/Réflexions Historiques 29, 2003. Penalty.
defende de forma convincente uma tese «cultura- 37 A «força motriz da reforma penal» é, segundo Mor- 42 GARLAND, Peculiar Institution, capítulo 5.
lista» das mudanças nas punições e na pena de morte. ris, «a decência, empatia e capacidade de sentir, pelo 43 HOOD e HOYLE, Death Penalty; GARLAND, Peculiar Ins­
SMITH, Punishment and Culture. A visão cética do sen- menos em certa medida, o chicote nas costas do outro, titution.

HALTTUNEN, Karen, Murder Most Foul: The Killer and Culture. The skeptical view of humanitarian sentiment occasionally of our customary blinkers to human suf-
the American Gothic Imagination, Cambridge: Harvard can be found in RUSCHE, Georg and KIRCHHEIMER, fering, a respect for each individual springing from
University Press, 1998; EVANS, Rituals of Retribution; Otto, Punishment and Social Structure, New York: religious or humanitarian beliefs.” MORRIS, Norval,
ELIAS, Norbert, The Civilizing Process: Sociogenetic and Russell and Russell, 1968, and, in a more sophisticated “Impediments to Penal Reform,” University of Chicago
Psychogenetic Explorations, London: Blackwell, 2000; form, in GATRELL, The Hanging Tree. Law Review 33: 627, 1966.
SPIERENBURG, Spectacle of Suffering. 34 SPIERENBURG, Spectacle; ELIAS, Civilizing Process. 38 HUNT, Inventing Human Rights.
33 Spierenburg argues the former position, Foucault 35 BANNER, The Death Penalty; SPIERENBURG, Spectacle. 39 HOLMES, Passions and Constraints.
the latter. SPIERENBURG, Spectacle of Suffering and 36 MCGOWAN, Randall, “History, Culture and the Death 40 GARLAND, Peculiar Institution.
FOUCAULT, Discipline and Punish. The “civilizing Penalty: The British Debates, 1840-70,” Historical 41 HUNT, Inventing Human Rights; HOOD and HOYLE,
process” account has been taken up by Pratt (2002) Reflections/Réflexions Historiques 29, 2003. Death Penalty.
and Garland, Punishment and Modern Society. Smith 37 The “motive force of penal reform” is, according to 42 GARLAND, Peculiar Institution, chapter 5.
makes a strong case for a “culturalist” account of pun- Morris, “Decency, empathy, the ability to feel at least 43 HOOD and HOYLE, Death Penalty; GARLAND, Peculiar
ishment and penal change. SMITH, Punishment and to a degree the lash on another’s back, the removal Institution.

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