Page 22 - ArithBook5thEd ~ BCC

Example 15. To multiply 232 by 3, we write

232
× 3

We multiply place-by-place, putting the products in the appropriate column. 3 × 2 ones is 6 ones,so
we put 6 in the ones place

232
× 3
6

3 × 3 tens is 9 tens,so we put 9 in the tens place

232
× 3
96

Finally, 3 × 2 hundreds is 6 hundreds, so that we put down 6 in the hundreds place, and we are
done:

232
× 3
696
Sometimes we need to carry a digit from one place to the next higherplace, as in addition. For
example, 4 × 5= 20, a number with two digits. So we would “put down” the 0 in the current place,
and “carry” the 2 to the column representing the next higher place,as in the next example.
Example 16. Multiply 251 by 4.

Solution. The steps are
251

× 4
For the ones place,

251
× 4
4
For the tens place, 4 × 5= 20, so we put down the 0 in the tens place and carry the 2 to the hundreds
column:

{2}
251

× 4
04

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