Page 15 - All About History - Issue 180-19

Timeline

Did
you know?

KublaiKhanisbelieved
tohavemadeasocial
hierarchybasedon
racewithMongols
atthetop

Invasion of Japan fails 1281

Kublai Khan tries twice to conquer Japan Ming Dynasty ends
(1274 & 1281) but both times is thwarted by
the Kamikaze. In addition to Japan there Mongol Empire 1368
are only handful of regions the Mongols fail Zhu Chongba, a former monk born into poverty,
to conquer, such as southeast Asia and the is a militarily gifted and patient individual. His
Mamluk Sultanate. talents drives the Mongols out of Beijing, thus
2x © Alamy ending a century of Mongol rule in China and in
the process establishing the Ming Dynasty.

2
DEATH OF ÖGEDEI 1242 MAMLUKS DEFEAT THE IL-KHANID DISSOLVES 1335
Whilst on a hunting trip Ögedei MONGOLS (AGAIN) 1303 Abu Sa’id Bahadur Khan fails to
dies. His wife, Töregene, appoint a successor and so upon
Once again the Mamluks defeat
becomes regent. Töregene has his death, Il-Khanid dissolves into
the Mongol forces at the Battle
her eldest son, Güyük, elected various territories ruled over by
of Marj al-Saffar. As a result the
as Great Khan in 1246. several princes.
Mongols leave Syria.
1260 1 1274 1303 1335
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7
2
S
EGYPTIAN MAMLUKS CHINA CONQUERED BY GOLDEN HORDE TURNS
DEFEAT THE MONGOLS 1260 KUBLAI KHAN 1274 TO ISLAM 1315
Özbeg Khan adopts Islam as thee
Achieving the seemingly impossible, After first being invaded in 1236,
state religion and encourages
the Egyptian Mamluks defeat the the Song Dynasty finally falls to
the Islamisation of the Horde.
feared Mongol forces in the battles the Mongols, who now control all
Modern day Uzbekistan is
of Ain Jalut and Homs. of China, forming the Yuan Dynasty
named after him.

Abbasid Caliphate Mongol

toppled 1258 Empire split into

Baghdad, the city of the Abbasid four Khanates 1294
Caliphate, which gave rise to the Upon the death of Kublai, the
Islamic Golden Age, is destroyed process of disintegration, which
in a ten-day orgy of was already well underway by
violence that shocked Did this point, becomes official and
contemporaries. It is the vast empire officially splits
said the rivers ran red you know? into four khanates: the Golden
with blood, and then Baghdadwassacked Horde (Russia), Chagatai Khanate
black with the ink of againin1401byTimür (central Asia), Il-Khanid (Persia),
Bagdad’s libraries. (Tamerlane)whohad © Alamy and the Yuan Dynasty (China).
nearlyeveryone
killed
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