Page 501 - (DK) Ocean - The Definitive Visual Guide

INDEX 499

firefly squid 36, 224 Fogo Island 431 Galway Bay 432 glasswort Great Bahama Island 441
first-year ice 198 Foncia racing trimaran 57 Gambia Estuary 120 common 250, 251 Great Barracuda 365
fish food chain 33, 212 Gambia Plain 429 The Wash 128 Great Barrier Reef 161, 162–63,
anadromous 220 food web 212 Gambier Islands 477 Glaucium flavum 252 422, 456, 472, 473, 480
bony 336–39 food-energy pyramid 212 Ganges delta 134, 177, 452–453 Global Explorer ROV 172 great black-backed gull 396
anatomy 336 food, at depth 223 Ganges Fan 422, 447, 450 global ocean conveyor 61, 62–63, Great Blue Hole 157
buoyancy 337 football jersey worm 273 Ganges, Mouths of the 450 430 great cormorant 393
camouflage 338 foraminifera 108, 181, 237 gannet, northern 378, 380, 391 global warming great egret 125
classification 209, 339 foreshore 106 gar, Cuban 133 Antarctic ice-shelf breakup 487 Great Fisher Bank 433
hunting 338 Formentera 438 garden eel, spotted 343 Arctic Ocean 65 great frigatebird 390
protection 338 Fortune Bank 454 Gardner Pinnacles 468 Atlantic Conveyor 61, 62–63, Great Ice Barrier 192
reproduction 337 Four North Fracture Zone 442 Garofalo Whirlpool 82 430 Great Inagua 441
senses 337 Foveaux Strait 481 gas deposits and sea-level change 88, 91, Great Lakes 423
swimming 336 Fox Islands 458 Bass Strait 112, 480 487 Great Meteor Tablemount 429,
cartilaginous 322–23 Foxe Basin 426, 428 East China Sea 464 global water cycle 64–65 436
anatomy 322 Foxe Channel 426 sedimentary basins 45 Globicephala melas 418 Great Northern Diver 386
classification 209, 323 Foxe Peninsula 426 South China Sea 465 Glossobalanus samiensis 314 Great Salt Marsh, Cape Cod
hunting senses 323 Fragum erugatum 111 gas, in seawater 33 Glottidia albida 315 126
reproduction 323 Fram Basin 425 Gascoyne Plain 447, 451 Goban Spur 432, 437 Great Scallop 280
catadromous 220 Franklin Island 485 Gascoyne Seamount 481 goblin shark 329 Great Shearwater 389
classification 209 Franklin, Benjamin (1706–90) Gaspé, Péninsule de 431 goby Great Skua 398
jawless 209, 227, 318 59 Gasterosteus aculeatus 357 Couch’s 148 Great White Shark see White
lobe-finned 227 Franz Josef Land 422, 425, 427 gastropods 279 yellow shrimp 364 Shark
migration 220 Fraser Island 480 anatomy 276 Gofar Fracture Zone 478 Great Yangtze Bank 464, 466
vision 36 Fratercula arctica 399 feeding 278 Gold Coast 480 Greater Antilles 423, 428, 440,
Fish Attracting Device 215 frazil ice 198 movement 277 golden dune moss 249 441
fish farming 336, 355 Fred Seamount 446, 454 Gastrotrich 316 Golden Gate channel 123 Greater Flamingo 132, 133
fish-eagle, Madagascar 134 free diving 168 Gavia immer 386 tide rip 82 Greater Pipefish 146
Fisher Bank 432 freezing point, seawater 35, 198 Gazelle Basin 481 golden jellyfish 10–11 Greater Weever 364
Fisher Strait 426 Fregata minor 390 Gazi Bay 149 Golfingia vulgaris 314 grebes 380
fisheries French Frigate Shoals, near-atoll Gecarcoidea natalis, migration 302, Gomera 436 green algae 125, 248
continental shelf 140, 165 161 303 Gonâve, Golfe de la 441 Green Humphead Parrotfish 361
continental slope 176 Freshfield, Cape 485 geese 380 Gondwana 44, 45 Green Paddle Worm 274
Gulf of California 469 freshwater Geiranger Fiord 115 breakup 482 Green Sand Beach 470–471
sand eel 165, 355, 399 global 64 Gela Basin 438 climate change 46 Green Turtle 112, 158, 370
fishing 355 inflow 65 gelatinous blindfish 183 Falkland Islands 445 importance of seagrass 146
bycatch 355 Fria, Cape 443 gelatinous bryozoan 305 Goniocorella dumosa 179 greenhouse gas 67
damage to deep-water reefs Friesian Islands 433 Gelidium foliaceum 244 Goniopora djiboutiensis 268 Greenland 423, 425
179, 355 frigatebird, great 380, 390 Genoa, Gulf of 438 Good Hope, Cape of 423, 482 Greenland Coast 24–25
deep-sea 354 frilled shark 323, 325 George Bligh Bank 430, 432 Goodhope Bay 458 Greenland Fracture Zone 425,
East China Sea 464 fringes, coastal, biodiversity 140 George V Coast 485 goose, brant 150, 381 427
hazard to wildlife 355, 379 fringing reef 152 George VI Sound 484 goosefoot starfish 308 Greenland Ice Coast 94
industrial 355 Frobisher Bay 426 Georges Bank 431 gooseneck barnacle 294 Greenland Ice Sheet 46, 430
traditional 355, 451, 465 Frøya Bank 433 Georgia, Strait of 459 Gorda Plate 459 global warming prediction 91
fishing cat 134 Fuerteventura 437 geotube 105 Gorgonia ventalina 265 Greenland Plain 425, 427
Fiske, Cape 484 Fugløya Bank 425, 427 Gerupuk Bay 149 gorgonin 265 Greenland Sea 423, 424, 425, 427
Fisterra, Cabo 437 fugu see pufferfish Gettysburg Seamount 437 Gorringe Ridge 437 Greenland Shark 326
flaccid green seaweed 246 Fukushima nuclear power Geyser Reef 454 Gotland 433 Greenland–Iceland Rise 341, 430
flagella 234 plant 463 gharial 134 Gotland Basin 433 Grenada Basin 441
flame shell 144, 145 fulmar, northern 388 ghost crab 301 Goto-retto 464, 466 Grenadier, Pacific 349
flamingo tongue 285 Fulmarus glacialis 388 Giacomini Seamount 459 Gough Fracture Zone 423, 429, Grey Islands 431
flamingo, greater 132, 133 Funafuti 473, 476 giant anemone 266 482 Grijalva Ridge 478
flashlight fish 224 Funafuti Atoll, sea-level rise 91 giant brain coral 269 Gould Coast 485 Grimpoteuthis plena 288
flatback turtle 371 Fundy, Bay of 431 giant cladophora 247 Graciosa 436 Gröll Seamount 442
flatfish 339 fungi 254 giant clam 276, 281, 282–83 Graham Land 484 Groote Eylandt 472
flatworm Fungia scruposa 269 giant kelp 146–47, 151, 238, Grampus griseus 414 Ground Shark 323
acoel 271 fur seal 240–41 Grand Bahama Canyon 176 grounding line 192
candy stripe 271 Antarctic 403 destruction by purple sea Grand Banks 431 groundwater 64
divided 272 New Zealand 123 urchin 310 Grand Banks of Newfoundland Grouper, Potato 358
exquisite lined 272 northern 403 sea otters 402 429 groynes 105
imitating 272 South American 403 giant leaf worm 272 Grand Cayman, “stingray city” Gruinard Bay, post-glacial
Thysanoon 272 Furbelows 148 giant mussel shrimp 295 335 rebound 96
flatworms 271 Furneaux Group 480 giant octopus 288 grand devil’s-claw 253 Guacanayabo, Golfo de 441
Fleet Lagoon, Chesil Bank 109 Futuna, Île 473, 476 giant pyrosome 256, 319 Grand Prix de Fécamp Yacht Guadalcanal 473
Flemish Cap 436 Fyn 433 giant sea spider 293 Race 57 Guadalupe Seamount,
flesh sponge 259 giant triton 285, 309 Grande Comore 454 biodiversity 211
flightless rail 158 Giant’s Causeway 94–95 Grande, Bahía 444 Guadalupe, Isla 469
Flint Island 476 Gibbs Seamount 441 granite 42 Guadeloupe Passage 441
floating objects, as habitat 215 G Gibraltar, Strait of 429, 437, Seychelles 455 Guafo Fracture Zone 457
floats, gas-filled 256 438 Grant Island 485 Guaíba estuary 117
flooding, coastal defenses 105 gabbro 42 Gibson Seamount 459 gravel Guanay cormorant 380, 392
Flores 436, 451, 472 Gabès, Golfo de 438 Gigantocypris muelleri 295 beach 107 Guanghzou 122
Flores Basin 451, 472 Gadus morhua 348 Gilbert Ridge 467, 473 seabed 144 guano 392
Flores Sea 451, 472 gafftopsail sea catfish 345 Gilbert Seamounts 457, 459 gravitation, Earth 40 see also Jackass penguin
Florida Escarpment 440 Gaidropsaurus mediterraneus 349 gills, fish 336 gray heron 390 Guantanamo Bay 441
Florida Keys 441 Gakkel Ridge 424, 425 Gippsland Lakes 112 gray lichen 255 Guatemala Basin 423, 457, 478
Florida manatee 133 Galapagos Fracture Zone 423, Giraud Seamount 454 gray nurse shark see sand tiger Guayaquil, Gulf of 478
Florida Plain 440 457, 476 Gironde Estuary 120 shark Guérande salt marsh 128
Florida Reef Tract 156 Galapagos Islands 92, 423, 457, Gizhiginskaya Guba 461 gray reef shark 229 Guevara Seamounts 445
Florida-Hatteras Slope 441 478 glacials 46 gray seal 404 Guiana Current 428, 442
Florida, Straits of 441 hot spot 478 glacial cycle 88 Humber Estuary 119 Guinea Basin 423, 429, 443
flower urchin 307, 310 influence of Peruvian Current glaciation gray-headed albatross 201 Guinea Current 443
Flustra foliacea 305 66, 478 Alaskan mudflats 129 grease ice 198 Guinea, Gulf of 429, 443
Fly River 135 lava flow 21 Chilean fiordlands 103 gray whale 408 guitarfish, Atlantic 333
flyingfish, Atlantic 352 marine iguana 376, 478 Puget Sound 102 migration 417 Gulf of Aden 448
fog Galapagos penguin 218, 478 Glacier Bay 459 Great Abaco 441 Gulf of Alaska 459
over cold currents 66 Galapagos Rise 457, 479 glaciers 192, 194, 195 Great Abaco Canyon 441 Gulf of Aqaba, coral reef 158
northern Chile 66 Galeocerdo cuvier 332 global warming, Peruvian Great Australian Bight 422, 447 Gulf of Bothnia 432
San Francisco 67 Galicia Bank 437 Andes 91 Great Bahama Bank 156, 441 Gulf of California 469
Skeleton coast 66, 98, 443 Gallego Rise 457 glass squid 289 Great Bahama Canyon 441 Gulf of Corryvreckan 81