Page 506 - (DK) Ocean - The Definitive Visual Guide

504 INDEX

Passamaquoddy Bay 80 Petrobius maritimus 304 planetesimals 40 Porcupine Bank 432, 437 pteropods 180, 181
passion flower feather star 311 Petrocelis cruenta see Mastocarpus plankton 170, 214, 317 Porcupine Plain 429, 436 pterosaurs 228
Patagonian Ice Sheet 46 stellatus bioluminescent 225 Porcupine Seabight 437 Ptilometra australis 311
Patagonian Ice-fields 103 Petrolisthes lamarckii 297 classification 207 porcupinefish 367 Ptilosarcus gurneyi 266
Patagonian Shelf 444, 445 Petromyzon marinus 319 see also phytoplankton; Porites lobata 268 Ptolemy Seamounts 439
patch reefs 152 Phaethon aethereus 390 zooplankton pororoca tidal bore 118 Puerto Rico Trench 169, 183,
Pate Island 454 Phalacrocorax bougainvillii 392 plankton cycle 164 Porphyra dioica 245 428, 429, 441
Patella vulgata 284 Phalacrocorax carbo 393 plants Porpita porpita 262 pufferfish, star 367
Patton and Gilbert Seamounts phalarope, red 380, 395 aquatic 243 porpoise, harbor 418 puffin, Atlantic 399
459 Phalaropus fulicarius 395 beach 242 Port Jackson shark 327 Puffinus gravis 389
Patton Escarpment 469 Pheonix Islands 457 classification 207 Porthcurno Beach 109 Puffinus tenuirostris 389
Patton Seamount 459 Philippine Basin 422, 456, 465, coastal 250 Portlock Bank 459 Puget Sound, glaciation 102
pea crab 217, 300 466, 467 dune 243, 250 Portuguese man-of-war 214, 256 Pukapuka 476
peacock mantis shrimp 295 Philippine Plate 464, 467 flowering 146, 250 Portunus pelagicus 301 Punalu’u Beach 112
peanut worm 313, 314 Philippine Sea 422, 456, 464, 465, intertidal 243 Posidonia australis 150 Punta Gallinas 441
Pearl and Hermes Reef 468 466, 467 marine 242–43 Posidonia oceanica 251 Punta Patiño Nature Reserve
Pearl River Estuary 122 Philippine Trench 456, 465, 466 diversity 242 post-glacial rebound 88, 96 135
pearlfish 349 Philippines 422, 456 plate tectonics Postelsia palmaeformis 238 Puperita pupa 284
pearls, formation 277 Phoca vitulina 404 Cambrian 44 potassium, in seawater 32 purple sea fan 156
pebbles, beach 107 Phocoena phocoena 418 Carboniferous 44 potato grouper 358 purple sea urchin 310
Pecten maximus 280 Phoebastria albatrus 386 Cretaceous 45 Pourtales Escarpment 441 Pusa hispida 404
pedicellariae, sea urchin 307 Phoebastria nigripes 386 Devonian 44 Powell Basin 444, 484 pygmy seahorse 357
pedicle 315 Phoebetria palpebrata 386 Eocene 45 Pratt Seamount 459 Pygoscelis antarctica 383
Pedro Bank 441 Phoenix Islands 476 Jurassic 45 prawn Pyrenocollema halodytes 255
Pedro Escarpment 441 Pholas dactylus 281 ocean floor 48–49 common 296 pyrosome, giant 256, 319
Peel Sound 424, 426 Phoronis hippocrepia 314 platelets, ice 198 deep sea red 296 Pyrostremma spinosum 319
Pegea confoederata 319 phosphates, in seawater 33 plates prawn farming 296 Pyura spinifera 319
Pelagia noctiluca 263 phosphorescence 225 tectonic 44–45, 174, 183, 423 Precambrian, ocean life 226
pelagic sea birds 378 Photoblepharon palpebratum 352 boundaries 48–49 precipitation 64–65
pelagic zone 164–65 photocytes 224 Ring of Fire 184 predators, top 212
Pelamis platurus 374 photophores 36, 224, 233, 289, platforms, wave-cut 89 predatory comb jelly 317 Q
Pelecanoides urinatrix 389 346, 347 Plectaster decanus 308 pressure
Pelecanus occidentalis 391 photosynthesis 36, 248 Plectorhinchus chaetodonoides 359 underwater 35, 171 Qamar, Ghubbat al 449
pelican early Earth 43, 226 Plenty, Bay of 481 deep-sea animals 171, 222 Qeqertarssuaq 425, 426
Australian, Coorong Lagoon oxygen production 33 plesiosaurs 228 pressure-system winds 55 Qeshm 449
121 sunlit zone 168, 169 Pleuronectes platessa 366 effect of El Niño/La Niña quartz 42
brown 214, 379, 380, 391 Phycodurus eques 356 Pliny Trench 439 68–69 shocked 116
pelicans 380 Phyllidia pustulosa 22-23 pliosaurs 228 Prestrud Bank 485 quaternary consumers 212
Peloponnese 439 Phyllospadix 151 Plotosus lineatus 345 prevailing winds 54, 58 Quebrada Fracture Zone 478
Pemba 446, 454 Phymatolithon calcareum 245 plownose chimera 324 priapula worm 314 queen angelfish 154, 359
penguin 380 Physeter macrocephalus 412 plover, gray 394 Priapulus caudatus 314 Queen Charlotte Islands 457,
adelie 379 phytoplankton 214 plumose anemone 267 Pribilof Islands 458 459
chinstrap 383 at seamounts 174–75 plunge divers (sea birds) 378–79, prickly redfish 312 Queen Elizabeth Islands 423,
emperor 190–91, 192–93, 379, Barents Sea 427 391 primary consumers 212 424, 425, 426
383, 384–385 food chain 33, 199, 212, 213 plunging breakers 77 primary producers 212 Queen Maud Gulf 424, 426
Galapagos 218 Antarctic Convergence 201 see also barrel waves, tube waves Prince Albert Peninsula 424, queen scallop 140
jackass 383 photosynthesis 36 Pluvialis squatorola 394 426 Queensland Plateau 472
king 382 sunlit zone 169–70 pneumatophore 130 Prince Albert Sound 424, 426 Quest Fracture Zone 444
little 383 surface layer 168 pocket beach 109, 112 Prince Charles Island 426 quicksand
macaroni 383 see also diatoms; dinoflagellates; Pockington Trough 472, 473 Prince Edward Fracture Zone Alaskan mudflats 129
Magellanic 383 microalgae pogonophoran worm 315 446, 482 Morecambe Bay 127
rockhopper 444 Pichavaram Mangrove Wetland Pohnpei 467 Prince Edward Islands 431, 446, QuikScat satellite 187
penguins 380 134 Poinsett, Cape 483 482 Quinn Seamount 459
Peninsula Brunswick 444 Pico 436 polar bear 25, 199, 402 Prince of Wales Island 424, 426, Quôc 465
Péninsule d‘Ungava 426 Pico del Teide volcano 437 threat of global warming 91 459
Pennell Bank 485 Pico Fracture Zone 436 polar cells 54 Prince of Wales Strait 426
Penrhyn 476 piddock, common 281 polar easterlies 54, 425 Prince Patrick Island 424, 426
Penrhyn Basin 457, 476 pied avocet 394 Pole Plain 425 Prince Regent Inlet 424, 426 R
Pentecost 473, 481 pied kingfisher 399 polka-dot batfish 350 Prince William Sound 459
Penzhinskaya Guba 461 Pierre Brazza Seamounts 443 Pollicipes polymerus 294 Príncipe 443 Rabaul caldera, New Britain 472
Periclemenes brevicarpalis 296 piked dogfish 325 pollution prion, fairy 388 rabbit fish 324
Periclimenes soror 308 pilchard, South American 344 Chesapeake Bay 116 Prionace glauca 332 Race, Cape 431
peridotite 42 pillow lava 185, 456 coastal 141 Pristiophorus cirratus 326 racing, ocean yacht 56–57
period, wave 76 pilot whale, long-finned 418 coral reefs 153, 155, 156 Pristis pectinata 333 Radarsat satellite 187
Periphylla periphylla 262 pilotfish 360 Curoman Lagoon 119 Pro-Form racing yacht 57 radioactive decay 40
periwinkle pinch bug 175 Ebrié Lagoon 121 proboscis monkey 135 radiolarians 181, 234, 237
common 285 Pinctada margaritifera 280 effect on yellow splash lichen Prochloron, symbiosis with radula 278
marsh 127 pineapplefish 352 255 Colonian Sea Squirt 319 Rae Strait 424, 426
Pernambuco Basin 429, 442 pink lace bryozoan 305 Exxon Valdez oil spill 459 producers, primary 212 rafting, ice 195, 198
Pernambuco Plateau 442 Pink Sands Beach 108 Klaipeda Strait 119 productivity 213 ragged tooth shark see sand tiger
Pernambuco Seamounts 442 pinnipeds 400–401 New Guinea mangroves 135 Proliv Longa 424 shark
Persian Gulf 446, 448, 449 early 228 Nusa Tenggara 160 Proliv Vil’kitskogo 425 ragworm, king 275
Peru Basin 422, 423, 447, 457, Pinnothere pisum 300 Pearl River Estuary 122 Prosqualodon davidi 228 ragworms 217
479 Pioneer Fracture Zone 469 Venetian Lagoon 120 Prostheceraeus vittatus 271 Rai’atea, Society Islands 161
Peru–Chile Trench 423, 457, 478, pipefish Poluostrov Kanin 427 Protector Basin 444 rail
479 greater 146 Poluostrov Taymyr 425 Protector Shoal 445 clapper 127
Peruvian anchoveta 344 harlequin ghost 356 Poluostrov Yamal 425 protists 207, 214, 234 flightless 158
Peruvian Current 66, 344, 457 snake 356 Polybranchid 286 protoplanetary disc 40 zapata 133
see also Humboldt Current piracy, Strait of Malacca 450 polychaetes 274 Providence Reef 454 rainbands 70
Pervenets Canyon 458 Pisces IV submersible 173 polyclad flatworms see flatworms Prydz Bay 447 rainfall 64
Peter I Island 484 Pisonia grandis 253 Polynesia 457, 476, 477 Pseudanthias squamipinnis 358 raised beach 89, 96
Peters Ridge 459 Pitcairn Island 457, 477 polynyas 199 Pseudobiceros bedfordi 272 Raja undulata 333
petrel Piton de la Fournaise 455 Polyprion americanus 358 Pseudobiotus magalonyx 316 Ralik Chain 467
bonin 388 Placentia Bay 431 polyps, reef-building coral 153, Pseudobiotus water bear 316 Ramalina siliquosa 255
common diving 389 placoderms 227 260 Pseudoceros dimidiatus 272 Raman Guyot 449
Leach’s storm 389 placodonts 228 Pomeranian Bay 433 Pseudoceros imitatus 272 Rapa Nui see Easter Island
snow 388 plaice 366 Pompeii worm 171, 275 Pseudocolochirus violaceus 312 Rarotonga 476, 477
southern giant 388 plain Poor Knights Islands 150 pterobranch worm 314 Rat Islands 458
Wilson’s storm 389 abyssal 176, 177, 182 poppy, yellow horned 252 Pterodroma hypoleuca 388 Ratak Chain 467
petrels 380 sediment 140, 182 porcelain crab 291, 297, 298–299 Pterois volitans 357 ratfish, spotted 324