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MAKING MONEY WORK          149
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                                         “netbooks.” In 2009, global netbook
                                         sales rose by 72 percent. The herd
                                         instinct of businesses such as Dell
                                         was to produce their own netbook.
                                         At Apple, by contrast, boss Steve
              We find that whole          Jobs announced that “the problem
            communities suddenly         with netbooks is that they’re not
             fix their minds upon         better than anything.” He worked
            one object, and go mad       to develop a superior alternative to
                 in its pursuit.         netbooks—the iPad. By mid 2013
              Charles MacKay             the iPad had sold more than 145
                                         million units and the original
                                         makers of netbooks (Taiwan’s Asus)
                                         had halted production completely.    Warren Buffett
                                            Those who ignore the herd can
                                         apply cool logic to their situation    Generally considered the
                                                                            most successful investor of the
                                         and think ahead to possible future
                                                                            20th century, Warren Edward
        its share of smartphone sales    scenarios. The herd tends to think
                                                                            Buffett was born on August
        collapsed to around 3 percent in the  that tomorrow will mean more and
                                                                            30 in 1930 in Omaha, NE. He
        first quarter of 2013. Throughout this  more of today. Those who ignore
                                                                            demonstrated an early ability
        period, Nokia was desperately trying  the herd can identify fundamentals
                                                                            with mathematics and was
        to catch up with Apple’s iPhone—  that persist over time, while looking   able to add large columns
        but doing no more than throwing   toward what might be different    of numbers in his head. His
        new products at the problem, instead  tomorrow. As US entrepreneur Sam   father was a stockbroker
        of taking a deep strategic breath   Walton advised, it often makes   and congressman.
        and deciding what innovations    sense to “swim upstream.” ■          Buffett began investing
        might earn it a stake of the market.                                at the age of 11. He started
           The contrast between Nokia’s                                     several small businesses
                                         The success of the iPad reflected
        behavior and that of Apple’s could                                  while still a teenager, before
                                         Apple’s resolve to develop a superior   going to the universities of
        not be greater. In 2008 and 2009   alternative to the “netbook.” Companies
        the big trend in mobile computing   like Apple and Samsung need to be   Pennsylvania, Nebraska, and
        was away from laptops and toward   ahead of the herd, not behind it.  Columbia to study business. In
                                                                            1956 he formed the company
                                                                            Buffett Partnership, where his
                                                                            investment successes led to
                                                                            his nickname, “the Oracle
                                                                            of Omaha.” In 2006 he
                                                                            announced that he would be
                                                                            giving his entire fortune to
                                                                            charity. In 2012 his net worth
                                                                            was estimated at $44 billion.

                                                                            Key works
                                                                            2001 The Essays of Warren
                                                                            Buffett: Lessons for Corporate
                                                                            America (with Lawrence A
                                                                            Cunningham)
                                                                            2013 The Essays of Warren
                                                                            Buffett: Lessons for Corporate
                                                                            America, Third Edition (with
                                                                            Lawrence A Cunningham)
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