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Microbiology ` microbiology—Virology Microbiology ` microbiology—Virology SEcTioN ii 165

Herpesviruses (continued)
VirUs roUte oF traNsmissioN cliNical sigNiFicaNce Notes
Varicella- Respiratory Varicella-zoster (chickenpox D, shingles E ), Latent in dorsal root or trigeminal
Zoster virus secretions, encephalitis, pneumonia ganglia; CN V 1 branch
(HHV-3) contact with fluid Most common complication of shingles is post- involvement can cause herpes
from vesicles herpetic neuralgia zoster ophthalmicus
Epstein-Barr Respiratory Mononucleosis—fever, hepatosplenomegaly F , Infects B cells through CD21, “Must
virus (HHV-4) secretions, pharyngitis, and lymphadenopathy (especially be 21 to drink Beer in a Barr”
saliva; aka posterior cervical nodes); avoid contact sports Atypical lymphocytes on peripheral
“kissing disease,” until resolution due to risk of splenic rupture blood smear G—not infected B
(common in Associated with lymphomas (eg, endemic cells but reactive cytotoxic T cells
teens, young Burkitt lymphoma), nasopharyngeal ⊕ Monospot test—heterophile
adults) carcinoma (especially Asian adults), antibodies detected by agglutination
lymphoproliferative disease in transplant of sheep or horse RBCs
patients Use of amoxicillin in mononucleosis
can cause characteristic
maculopapular rash
Cytomegalo- Congenital, Mononucleosis (⊝ Monospot) in Infected cells have characteristic
virus (HHV-5) transfusion, immunocompetent patients; infection in “owl eye” intranuclear
sexual contact, immunocompromised, especially pneumonia inclusions H
saliva, urine, in transplant patients; esophagitis; AIDS Latent in mononuclear cells
transplant retinitis (“sightomegalovirus”): hemorrhage,
cotton-wool exudates, vision loss
Congenital CMV
Human Saliva Roseola infantum (exanthem subitum): high Roseola: fever first, Rosy (rash) later.
herpes- fevers for several days that can cause seizures, HHV-7—less common cause of
viruses 6 followed by diffuse macular rash (starts on roseola
and 7 trunk then spreads to extremities) I

Human Sexual contact Kaposi sarcoma (neoplasm of endothelial cells). Can also affect GI tract and lungs
herpes virus Seen in HIV/AIDS and transplant patients.
8 Dark/violaceous plaques or nodules J
representing vascular proliferations
A B C D E

F G H I J
Liv
Sp

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