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Pharmacology ` PHARMACOLOGY—TOXICITIES ANd SIdE EFFECTS Pharmacology ` PHARMACOLOGY—TOXICITIES ANd SIdE EFFECTS SEcTIoN II 249

Drug reactions—endocrine/reproductive
dRUG REACTION CAUSAL AGENTS NOTES
Adrenocortical HPA suppression 2° to glucocorticoid
insufficiency withdrawal
Diabetes insipidus Lithium, demeclocycline
Hot flashes SERMs (eg, tamoxifen, clomiphene, raloxifene)
Hyperglycemia Tacrolimus, Protease inhibitors, Niacin, HCTZ, The People Need Hard Candies
Corticosteroids
Hyperprolactinemia Typical antipsychotics (eg, haloperidol), Presents with hypogonadism (eg, infertility,
atypical antipsychotics (eg, risperidone), amenorrhea, erectile dysfunction) and
metoclopramide, methyldopa, reserpine galactorrhea
Hyperthyroidism Amiodarone, iodine
Hypothyroidism AMiodarone, SUlfonamides, Lithium I AM SUddenly Lethargic
SIADH Carbamazepine, Cyclophosphamide, SSRIs Can’t Concentrate Serum Sodium

Drug reactions—gastrointestinal
dRUG REACTION CAUSAL AGENTS NOTES
Acute cholestatic Macrolides (eg, erythromycin)
hepatitis, jaundice

Diarrhea Acamprosate, antidiabetic agents (acarbose,
metformin, pramlintide), colchicine,
cholinesterase inhibitors, lipid-lowering
agents (eg, ezetimibe, orlistat), macrolides
(eg, erythromycin), SSRIs, chemotherapy (eg,
irinotecan)
Focal to massive Halothane, Amanita phalloides (death cap Liver “HAVAc”
hepatic necrosis mushroom), Valproic acid, Acetaminophen
Hepatitis Rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, statins,
fibrates
Pancreatitis Didanosine, Corticosteroids, Alcohol, Valproic Drugs Causing A Violent Abdominal Distress
acid, Azathioprine, Diuretics (eg, furosemide,
HCTZ)
Pill-induced Bisphosphonates, ferrous sulfate, NSAIDs, Caustic effect minimized with upright posture
esophagitis potassium chloride, tetracyclines and adequate water ingestion
Pseudomembranous Ampicillin, cephalosporins, clindamycin, Antibiotics predispose to superinfection by
colitis fluoroquinolones, PPIs resistant C difficile

FAS1_2019_05-Pharmacology.indd 249 11/7/19 4:08 PM