Page 81 - The City and Guilds Textbook: Plumbing Book 1 for the Level 3 Apprenticeship (9189), Level 2 Technical Certificate (8202) and Level 2 Diploma (6035)

Chapter 1 Health and safety practices and systems

Tubular scaffolds

Independent scaffold
This is a scaffold that, apart from the necessary building ties, stands completely
free of the building. The main applications for this scaffold are:
● access for stonework on masonry buildings
● access to solid or reinforced concrete structures
● maintenance and repair work.
The independent scaffold consists of two rows of standards joined together
by ledgers, which in turn are joined by transoms. The standards must always
be upright and slightly towards the building. The inner row must be as near to
the building as possible, but never more than 375 mm away from the wall. It is
essential to include triangulation by cross-bracing at every lift to ensure rigidity.

Only load-bearing couplers should be used between the standards and ledgers,
and on through ties. The ground should be firm and level, and base plates should
be used under every standard. If this scaffold does need to be placed on soft
ground, wooden sole plates 225 mm × 38 mm thick should be used. While it
is called an independent scaffold, it does need tying to the building to prevent
movement and for stability. This scaffold would usually be tied through door
and window openings.

Standards
Working platform
Toeboard
Putlogs

1.070 m At least
75 mm
Standards
Working platform
Toe board
Ledgers
Ledgers
Putlogs
1.8 m 1.8 m

Transoms Horizontal tie
Tube wedged in window Tube wedged in window
for tying in for tying in
Wall
Wall
Sole plate
Sole plate

p Figure 1.47 Independent scaffold, side view p Figure 1.48 Putlog scaffold, side view

Putlog scaffold
This is also known as a dependent, or bricklayers’, scaffold and is similar to the
independent scaffold but has only one row of standards, with the inner row
replaced by the brickwork. This means that the inside ledgers and ledger bracing
are not required.

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