Page 119 - Basic Japanese

you want to say ‘from Kobe to Osaka’ you can say either Kōbe
kara Ōsaka made or Kōbe kara Ōsaka e, but there is a slight
difference of meaning. When you use the particle e, you are

primarily interested in the two endpoints; when you use made,
you are also interested in the space, time, or means of travel
between the two points. This difference of meaning is so subtle,

however, that you can just remember that either made or e
means ‘to’ when reference is to a place.

Many speakers in Eastern Japan often replace the particle e

with the particle ni. So you will also hear Kōbe kara Ōsaka ni
ikimashita ‘I went from Kobe to Osaka.’ You can say either Uchi e
kaette benkyō shimashita or Uchi ni kaette benkyō shimashita ‘I went
(back) home and studied.’

After kore ‘this,’ sore ‘that,’ or a time word, the particle kara
has the meaning ‘after, since,’ for example, sore kara ‘after that’
and kore kara ‘after this, from now on.’ Compare them with koko
kara ‘from here.’ In a similar way, the particle made means

‘until’: sore made ‘until that (happens)’ and kore made ‘until now

(this).’ Compare them with koko made ‘up to here, as far as this
place.’
(Kara with verbal expressions is discussed in notes 3.10 and

4.12. Made with verbal expressions is discussed in note 5.18.)

ご飯を食べて, それから映画を見ました。

Go-han o tabete, sore kara eiga o mimashita.
I had dinner and after that watched a movie.

これから毎日勉強します。

Kore kara mainichi benkyō

shimasu.

From now on I’m going to study every day.