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3.0 SHEET METAL PROCESSES

EXERCISE 3.5

Many axisymmetric missile bodies are made by spinning. What other methods could you
use if spinning processes were not available?

SUMMARY

In this chapter we have studied that:

1. shearing operations process principally involves punch, die and slug;
2. major processing parameters in shearing are the shape of the punch and die, the
speed of punching, lubrication and the clearance between the punch and the die;
3. metohds of shearing operations include die cutting, fine blanking, slitting, steel

rules and niblling;
4. type of shearing dies include compound die, progressive die and transfer die;
5. characteristics of sheet metal forming includes elongation, yield point elongation,
anistropy, residual stresses, spring back, wringkling and quality of sheraed
edges;

6. formability test for sheet metal includes cupping tests and forming limit diagrams.
7. sheet metal bendingoperations principally invlove air bending, four slide machine,
roll bending, beading and flanging;
8. another method in sheet metal bending such as roll forming, tube bending and

forming, dimpling, piercing and flaring, hemming and seaming, bulging,
segmented dies and stretch forming;
9. process involve in deep drawing and parameters involve in deep darwing such
as deep drawability, earing, draw beads, ironing, redrawing, embossing;
10. sheet-metal forming processes are among the most versatile of all operations.

They generally are used on workpieces having high ratios of surface area to
thickness;
11. for general stamping operations, forming-limit diagrams are very useful, because

they establish quantitative relationships among the major and minor principal
strains that limit safe forming;
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