Page 141 - Template Tesis UTM v2.0

filaments during loading, which is very diffused in jute as well as due to the need for

alkaline treatment [157]. In this light, fibrillation appears to be a limiting factor for
tensile performance, whereas it provides a larger bonding surface between fibre and

matrix and may improve the flexural properties [136].

As shown in Figure 4.8, the G2/B3/G2 with SL sequence shows 9.7 % higher of

flexural strength and 14.1 % higher flexural modulus compared to the IC sequence,

[G/B]3G. This pattern is similarly observed on the hybrid laminate of G2/J3/G2 and
G2/F3/G2. For instance, the G2/J3/G2 exhibits 11.6 % and 7.8 % higher flexural strength

and modulus compared to [G/J]3G, while G2/F3/G2 shows 10.5 % and 5.7 % higher of
flexural strength and modulus than [G/F]3. SL sequence of hybrid laminated

composites highly significant on flexural loadings and these can be explained due to
the behaviour of the hybrid specimens under the bending load, whereas upper and

lower sides are in tension and compression modes. Two layers of glass at extreme sides

of SL sequence enable the hybrid laminates to withstand higher on flexural loading
since the cores of natural fibre seem at neutral position, only withstand smaller load

caused from bending. This observation can be supported with the composite beam
theory as shown in Equation 4.1 with the moment of inertia can be determined using

Equation 4.2.

Bending strength, = (4.1)

3
Moment of Inertia, = (4.2)
12

Where ;

- Internal bending moment about the section’s neutral axis

- Perpendicular distance from the neutral axis to a point on the section

- Moment of inertia of the section area about the neutral axis

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