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C HAPTER 21 / Hemodynamic Monitoring 501
91. Fournier, A., & Safar, M. (2003). Accurate measurement of blood pres- 115. Singer, A. J., Kahn, S. R., Thode, H. C., Jr., et al. (1999). Comparison
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92. Pauca, A. L., Kon, N. D., & O’Rourke, M. F. (2004). The second peak of 123–126.
the radial artery pressure wave represents aortic systolic pressure in hyper- 116. Schell, K., Lyons, D., Bradley, E., et al. (2006). Clinical comparison of au-
tensive and elderly patients. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 92, 651–657. tomatic, noninvasive measurements of blood pressure in the forearm and
93. Yazigi, A. (2002). Blood pressure measurements in the radial and femoral upper arm with the patient supine or with the head of the bed raised 45
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artery [Letter to the editor]. Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica, 46, degrees: A follow-up study. American Journal of Critical Care, 15, 196–205.
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1176–1178. 117. Michard, F., & Reuter, D. A. (2003). Assessing cardiac preload or fluid
94. Soderstrom, S., Sellgren, J., & Ponten, J. (1999). Aortic and radial pulse responsiveness? It depends on the question we want to answer. Intensive
contour: Different effects of nitroglycerin and prostacyclin. Anesthesia & Care Medicine, 29, 1396.
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95. Grossman, W. (2005). Pressure measurement. In D. Baim (Ed.), Gross- on central venous pressure measurements from triple-lumen catheters in
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man’s cardiac catheterization, angiography, and intervention (pp. critically ill adults. American Journal of Critical Care, 7, 60–63.
133–147). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. 119. Blot, F., Laplanche, A., Raynard, B., et al. (2000). Accuracy of totally im-
96. LeDoux, D., Astiz, M. E., Carpati, C. M., et al. (2000). Effects of per- planted ports, tunnelled, single- and multiple-lumen central venous
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97. Pickering, T. G., Hall, J. E., Appel, L. J., et al. (2005). Recommendations 120. Tugrul, M., Camci, E., Pembeci, K., et al. (2004). Relationship between
for blood pressure measurement in humans: An AHA scientific statement peripheral and central venous pressures in different patient positions,
from the Council on High Blood Pressure Research Professional and catheter sizes, and insertion sites. Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular
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wich), 7, 102–109. 121. Desjardins, R., Denault, A. Y., Belisle, S., et al. (2004). Can peripheral
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98. Rauen, C. A., Chulay, M., Bridges, E., et al. (2008). Seven evidence- venous pressure be interchangeable with central venous pressure in pa-
based practice habits: Putting some sacred cows out to pasture. Critical tients undergoing cardiac surgery? Intensive Care Medicine, 30, 627–632.
Care Nurse, 28, 98–124. 122. Cox, P., Johnson, J. O., & Tobias, J. D. (2005). Measurement of central
99. Bur, A., Herkner, H., Vlcek, M., et al. (2003). Factors influencing the ac- venous pressure from a peripheral intravenous catheter in the lower ex-
curacy of oscillometric blood pressure measurement in critically ill pa- tremity. Southern Medical Journal, 98, 698–702.
tients. Critical Care Medicine, 31, 793–799. 123. Munis, J. R., Bhatia, S., & Lozada, L. J. (2001). Peripheral venous pres-
100. Fonseca-Reyes, S., De Alba-Garcia, J. G., Parra-Carrillo, J. Z., et al. sure as a hemodynamic variable in neurosurgical patients. Anesthesia &
(2003). Effect of standard cuff on blood pressure readings in patients Analgesia, 92, 172–179.
with obese arms. How frequent are arms of a ‘large circumference’? Blood 124. Cave, G., & Harvey, M. (2008). The difference between peripheral ve-
Pressure Monitoring, 8, 101–106. nous pressure and central venous pressure (CVP) decreases with increas-
101. Kirchoff, K., Rebenson-Piano, M., & Patel, M. (1984). Mean arterial ing CVP. European Journal of Anaesthesiology, 25, 1037–1040.
pressure readings: Variations with positions and transducer level. Nursing 125. Hoftman, N., Braunfeld, M., Hoftman, G., et al. (2006). Peripheral ve-
Research, 33, 343–345. nous pressure as a predictor of central venous pressure during orthotopic
102. McCann, U., Schiller, H., Carney, D., et al. (1999). Proper transducer liver transplantation. Journal of Clinical Anesthesia, 18, 251–255.
level for arterial blood pressure measurement. Chest, 116, 281S. 126. Amar, D., Melendez, J. A., Zhang, H., et al. (2001). Correlation of pe-
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103. Netea, R. T., Lenders, J. W., Smits, P., et al. (2003). Both body and arm ripheral venous pressure and central venous pressure in surgical patients.
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Human Hypertension, 17, 459–462. 127. Charalambous, C., Barker, T. A., Zipitis, C. S., et al. (2003). Compari-
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104. Pickering, T. G. (1993). Blood pressure variability and ambulatory mon- son of peripheral and central venous pressures in critically ill patients.
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105. Netea, R. T., Lenders, J. W., Smits, P., et al. (1999). Arm position is im- 128. Choi, S. J., Gwak, M. S., Ko, J. S., et al. (2007). Can peripheral venous
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13, 105–109. ctomy in living donors? Liver Transplantation, 13, 1414–1421.
106. Netea, R. T., Elving, L. D., Lutterman, J. A., et al. (2002). Body position 129. Black, I. H., Blosser, S. A., & Murray, W. B. (2000). Central venous pres-
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107. Adiyaman, A., Verhoeff, R., Lenders, J. W., et al. (2006). The position of 130. Lopez, A., Thompson, D., Dauenhauer, C., et al. (2003). Accuracy of pe-
the arm during blood pressure measurement in sitting position. Blood ripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) for hemodynamic monitoring
Pressure Monitoring, 11, 309–313. and central venous oximetry 2003. Seattle: American Thoracic Society.
108. Mourad, A., Carney, S., Gillies, A., et al. (2003). Arm position and blood 131. McLemore, E. C., Tessier, D. J., Rady, M. Y., et al. (2006). Intraopera-
pressure: A risk factor for hypertension? Journal of Human Hypertension, tive peripherally inserted central venous catheter central venous pressure
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17, 389–395. monitoring in abdominal aortic aneurysm reconstruction. Annals of Vas-
109. Familoni, O. B., & Olunuga, T. O. (2005). Comparison of the effects of cular Surgery, 20, 577–581.
arm position and support on blood pressure in hypertensive and nor- 132. Dellinger, R. P., Levy, M. M., Carlet, J. M., et al. (2008). Surviving Sep-
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motensive subjects. Cardiovascular Journal of South Africa, 16, 85–88. sis Campaign: International guidelines for management of severe sepsis
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110. Newton, K. M. (1981). Comparison of aortic and brachial cuff pressures and septic shock: 2008. Critical Care Medicine, 36, 296–327.
in flat supine and lateral recumbent positions. Heart & Lung, 10, 821–826. 133. Forrester, J., Diamond, G., Mchugh, T., et al. (1971). Filling pressures in
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ence of different supine body positions on blood pressure: Consequences praisal of central-venous pressure monitoring. New England Journal of
for night blood pressure/dipper-status. Journal of Hypertension, 18, Medicine, 285, 190–192.
1731–1736. 134. Schummer, W., Schummer, C., Rose, N., et al. (2007). Mechanical com-
112. Cavelaars, M., Tulen, J. H., Man in ’t Veld, A. J., et al. (2000). Assess- plications and malpositions of central venous cannulations by experi-
ment of body position to quantify its effect on nocturnal blood pressure enced operators. A prospective study of 1794 catheterizations in critically
under ambulatory conditions. Journal of Hypertension, 18, 1737–1743. ill patients. Intensive Care Medicine, 33, 1055–1059.
113. Pickering, T. G., Hall, J. E., Appel, L. J., et al. (2005). Recommendations 135. Ruesch, S., Walder, B., & Tramer, M. R. (2002). Complications of cen-
for blood pressure measurement in humans and experimental animals. tral venous catheters: internal jugular versus subclavian access—A sys-
Part 1: Blood pressure measurement in humans: A statement for profes- tematic review. Critical Care Medicine, 30, 454–460.
sionals from the Subcommittee of Professional and Public Education of 136. Wilson, A. E., Bermingham-Mitchell, K., Wells, N., et al. (1996). Effect
the American Heart Association Council on High Blood Pressure Re- of backrest position on hemodynamic and right ventricular measure-
search. Circulation, 111, 697–716. ments in critically ill adults. American Journal of Critical Care, 5,
114. Schell, K., Bradley, E., Bucher, L., et al. (2005). Clinical comparison of 264–270.
automatic, noninvasive measurements of blood pressure in the forearm 137. Lakhal, K., Ferrandiere, M., Lagarrigue, F., et al. (2006). Influence of in-
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and upper arm. American Journal of Critical Care, 14, 232–241. fusion flow rates on central venous pressure measurements through