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CHAPTER 6  ■  Erythrocytes: Hemoglobin                           121




                                                                                                                                x        .  C                    x            f                     m

                                                                                                                                                                                               m

                                                                                                                                                    x                                                                      .




                                                                                                                               Oxygen Dissociation



                                                                                                                               T                                             x      m

                                                                                                                                       (F   .   .  )

                                                                                                                                x                      (                                     )                         -

                                                                                                                                            x         (PO ). F        m                           ,             -

                                                                                                                                                                           x                        P           . T

                                                                                                                               P                                                                    x            q

                                                                                                                                                                                m            ,                      x  -


                   FIGURE 6.2  T       m                             m             m                                               m             (                  m            )                          q

                                  (F  )      m                                                j                                 x      m            (  x                    m           )
                                          +
                          . A    m             m            m                                      m   m     -                                   H           m             . I       m     ,       P

                          ,                                                   m                                           .      .   mm H                                                                          -

                                                                                                                                               H   .            m                      .  °C. A


                                               x      m                       m                 m   -                           x           f               m

                          ’    f               x         (F   .   .  ).                                                                ,                                 x          f

                        W                                  m                            x                      -                                         .

                         ,                                                   . T         m                                          I                                                 ,  -DPG,           x        -

                        ,  -DPG                          m                                                                                                                                              x                .

                                              . T

                    f                 m                  x       . W       x               k

                           ,                                q                    k    ;                                                                      O  Affinity
                                                                                                                                                               2
                                                                                                                                                             O  Release
                                               ,   x              ,  -DPG;             f                                                            80         2

                      m             m                    x                                            .                                           n

                        I                                 x   ,   x         m            m     m       -                                          o i t a                                   O  Affinity
                                                                                                                                                                                              2
                                              ,                m                 x      m                                                         r u t  60                                 O  Release
                                                                                                                                                                                              2
                                                               . T                                                                                a S

                   m         ,  -DPG,                                                x            f                                               b  H 2 40

                                m            m            . I          x              ,                                                           O

                               ,  -DPG                                                  m        ,  -                                             %

                   DPG                                            f                      m                                                          20

                   m                    x        .                                                                                                                                          “P50” values



                                                                                                                                                                   20         40          60          80
                   OXYGEN DISSOCIA  ION AND                                                                                                                                     PO  torr
                                                                                                                                                                                     2
                   AL  ERA  IONS                                                                                               FIGURE 6.4  T     x                                               m                      .


                                                                                                                               T     x                             %   x                         (P    )             x -
                   T                               m             m             m  k                                            m                    . A                                            ,         x           f   -
                                         m                                                                                                        m                            ,        m        x


                                                                                                                                          x                    . W                              ,

                                                                                                                                             . A                      H                               m

                                                                                                                                       f                m                    x        . (R                  m M        G,
                                                                                                                                     . Avery’s Neonatology Pathophysiology and Management o  the
                   O                                           O
                                                                 2
                      2
                                                                                                                               Newborn,           , P                  , PA: L               W      m  & W  k    ,
                                  α               α                                    α              α                            ,             m        .) N     : T    green line                      m
                                                                                                                                x                           . T    blue line

                                                                                                                                              H+ (            H),                 CO ,                     m       -

                                                                                                                                     ,                        ,  -DPG. A
                                                                              β                D                β
                                                                                               P                                  m             F           m                                                           x
                   O  2            β              β            O 2                             G                                f                    m              . M                     m                                -

                                                                                                                                             m                                                                               x  -

                                                                                                                                       f      ,                                                       x

                                                                                                                                x                     . T    orange line
                                Oxyhemoglobin                                       Deoxyhemoglobin                                            H+ (               H),                 CO ,                    m             ,

                   FIGURE 6.3  H  m             m                           .                                                                       ,  -DPG (  ,  -BPG).
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