Page 351 - Clinical Hematology_ Theory _ Procedures ( PDFDrive )

PA RT FIV E

Nonmalignant Leukocyte Disorders

18 Disorders of Granulocytes and

Principles of Blood Collection
CHAPTER Monocytes

KEY TERMS

Alder-Reilly anom aly hyposegm entation myeloperoxidase (MPO) de ciency
Chédiak-Higashi syndrom e Lazy leukocyte syndrom e neutropenia

chem okinesis Leukocyte adhesion de ciency (LAD) Niem ann-Pick disease
chronic granulom atous disease leukocytopenia Pelger-Huët anom aly

Döhle bodies leukocytosis reactive neutrophilia
Ehrlichia lysosom al storage diseases Sea-Blue Histiocytosis

eosinophilia May-Hegglin anom aly Tay-Sachs disease
Gaucher’s disease mucopolysaccharidosis) toxic granulation

hypersegm entation m yelokathexis

LEARNING OUTCOMES

Granulopoietic alterations: quantitative ■ Describe the appearance of cells with the following cytoplasmic

disorders abnormalities: toxic granulation, Döhle bodies, Ehrlichia, and

■ De ne the terms leukocytosis and leukocytopenia. vacuoles.

■ Explain quantitative neutrophil responses in normal and nonmalig- ■ Recognize cellular alterations when stained blood lms and digital
nant conditions. images of Chédiak-Higashi syndrome, Alder-Reilly inclusions, and

■ List examples of general conditions that can cause leukocytosis. Ehrlichia are observed.
Summarize the pathophysiology of granulopoietic alterations. ■ Recognize May-Hegglin anomaly on stained blood lms and digital

■ Describe at least one representative condition in which an images.
increase in neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, or monocytes can ■ Abnormalities of mature granulocytes in body uids.

be found. Describe abnormal inclusions that can be seen in granulocytes

Assess the steps in the workup of a differential diagnosis in obtained from body uids.

neutrophilia.

Describe the methods for recognizing leukemoid reactions versus Inherited functional abnormalities

leukemia, and leukoerythroblastosis. Assess and summarize the clinical and laboratory characteristics of

■ List examples of common conditions that can cause neutropenia. May-Hegglin anomaly, Chédiak-Higashi Syndrome, and Alder-Reilly
Compare the conditions of transient and congenital neutropenia. anomaly.

■ List at least one representative condition in which a decrease in
neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, or monocytes can be found. Granulopoietic alterations: qualitative disorders

Describe the characteristics of lazy leukocyte syndrome and leuko-
Morphological abnormalities of mature cyte adhesion de ciency.

granulocytes Compare chronic granulomatous disease, myeloperoxidase (MPO)

■ Identify nuclear alterations such as hypersegmentation, Pelger- de ciency, and other defects in microbicidal activity of neutrophils

Huët anomaly, pseudo–Pelger-Huët anomaly and pyknotic forms on and monocytes.

stained blood lms and digital images.

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