Page 500 - Review of Medical Microbiology and Immunology ( PDFDrive )

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PART VII IMMUNOLOGY

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mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com C H A P T E R mebooksfree.com

57

Immunity

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mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com 2. Adaptive (Acquired) Immunity mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com
CHAPTER C ONTENT S
Function of the Immune System
Active & Passive Immunity
Specificity of the Immune Response
Antigens
1. Cell-Mediated Immunity
Age & The Immune Response
2. Antibody-Mediated Immunity
Self-Assessment Questions
Innate & Adaptive Immunity
Practice Questions: USMLE & Course Examinations
1. Innate Immunity

FUNCTION OF THE IMMUNE microorganisms. The ability of the innate arm to kill
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mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com (acquired) arm of the immune system (third line of mebooksfree.com
microorganisms is not specific. For example, a neutrophil
SYSTEM
can ingest and destroy many different kinds of bacteria.
The main function of the immune system is to prevent or
Highly specific protection is provided by the adaptive
limit infections, fungi, and parasites, such as protozoa and
worms. The first line of defense against microorganisms is
defense), but it takes several days for this arm to become
the intact skin and mucous membranes. If microorgan-
fully functional. The two components of the adaptive arm
are cell-mediated immunity and antibody-mediated
isms breach this line and enter the body, then the innate
(humoral) immunity. An overview of the functions and
arm of the immune system (second line of defense) is avail-
able to destroy the invaders. Because the components of the
interactions between many of the important members of
innate arm (Table 57–1) are preformed and fully active,
the innate and adaptive arms of the immune response is
provided in Figure 57–1. (The features of the innate and the
they can function immediately upon entry of the
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mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com Humoral Immunity mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com mebooksfree.com
TABLE 57–1 Main Components of Innate and Adaptive Immunity That Contribute to Humoral
(Antibody-Mediated) Immunity and Cell-Mediated Immunity
Cell-Mediated Immunity
Innate
Complement and neutrophils
Macrophages and natural killer cells
B cells and antibodies (made by plasma cells)
Helper T cells and cytotoxic T cells
Adaptive
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