Page 428 - Textbook of Pathology, 6th Edition

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Figure 15.20 Cavernous haemangioma of the liver. The vascular spaces are large, dilated, many containing blood, and are lined by flattened
endothelial cells. Scanty connective tissue stroma is seen between the cavernous spaces.

Many of the capillary haemangiomas regress sponta- CAPILLARY LYMPHANGIOMA. It is also called as
neously within a few years. lymphangioma simplex. It is a small, circumscribed, slightly
elevated lesion measuring 1 to 2 cm in diameter. The common
CAVERNOUS HAEMANGIOMA. Cavernous haeman- locations are the skin of head and neck, axilla and mucous
giomas are single or multiple, discrete or diffuse, red to blue, membranes. Rarely, these may be found in the internal
soft and spongy masses. They are often 1 to 2 cm in diameter. organs.
They are most common in the skin (especially of the face
and neck); other sites are mucosa of the oral cavity, stomach Histologically, capillary lymphangioma is composed of
SECTION III
and small intestine, and internal visceral organs like the liver a network of endothelium-lined, capillary-sized spaces
and spleen. containing lymph and often separated by lymphoid
aggregates.
Histologically, cavernous haemangiomas are composed
of thin-walled cavernous vascular spaces, filled partly or CAVERNOUS LYMPHANGIOMA. It is more common than
completely with blood. The vascular spaces are lined by the capillary type. The common sites are in the region of head
flattened endothelial cells. They are separated by scanty
connective tissue stroma (Fig. 15.20). and neck or axilla. A large cystic variety called cystic hygroma
occurs in the neck producing gross deformity in the neck.
Cavernous haemangiomas rarely involute spontaneously.
Histologically, cavernous lymphangioma consists of large
GRANULOMA PYOGENICUM. Granuloma pyogenicum dilated lymphatic spaces lined by flattened endothelial
Systemic Pathology
is also referred to as haemangioma of granulation tissue type. cells and containing lymph. Scanty intervening stromal
True to its name, it appears as exophytic, red granulation connective tissue is present (Fig. 15.21). These lesions,
tissue just like a nodule, commonly on the skin and mucosa though benign, are often difficult to remove due to
of gingiva or oral cavity. Pregnancy tumour or granuloma infiltration into adjacent tissues.
gravidarum is a variant occurring on the gingiva during
pregnancy and regresses after delivery. Granuloma Glomus Tumour (Glomangioma)
pyogenicum often develops following trauma and is usually Glomus tumour is an uncommon true benign tumour arising
1 to 2 cm in diameter. from contractile glomus cells that are present in the
arteriovenous shunts (Sucquet-Hoyer anastomosis). These
Histologically, it shows proliferating capillaries similar tumours are found most often in the dermis of the fingers or
to capillary haemangioma but the capillaries are separated toes under a nail; other sites are mucosa of the stomach and
by abundant oedema and inflammatory infiltrate, thus nasal cavity. These lesions are characterised by extreme pain.
resembling inflammatory granulation tissue. They may be single or multiple, small, often less than 1 cm
in diameter, flat or slightly elevated, red-blue, painful
Lymphangioma nodules.
Lymphangiomas are lymphatic counterparts of vascular Histologically, the tumours are composed of small blood
angiomas. Lymphangiomas are congenital lesions which are vessels lined by endothelium and surrounded by
classified as capillary, cavernous and cystic hygroma. aggregates, nests and masses of glomus cells. The glomus
Combinations are also often seen.