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23. The most common rock in Earth’s crust is 34. The specific gravity of a mineral depends on the
a. igneous. a. kinds of atoms of which it is composed.
b. sedimentary. b. manner in which the atoms are packed in the crystal lattice.
c. metamorphic. c. amount of the mineral.
d. None of the above is correct. d. a and b
24. An intrusive igneous rock will have which type of texture? 35. Fluorite is a mineral that floats in liquid mercury. The specific
a. Fine-grained gravity of fluorite must be
b. Coarse-grained a. equal to the specific gravity of mercury.
c. Medium-grained b. less than the specific gravity of mercury.
d. No grains c. greater than the specific gravity of mercury.
25. Which igneous rock would have the greatest density? 36. The group that is not a class of rocks is
a. Fine-grained granite (rhyolite) a. sedimentary.
b. Coarse-grained granite b. igneous.
c. One composed of nonferromagnesian silicates c. volcanic.
d. Basalt d. metamorphic.
26. Which of the following formed from previously existing rocks? 37. The classification of rocks is based on
a. Sedimentary rocks a. location.
b. Igneous rocks b. how they were formed.
c. Metamorphic rocks c. age.
d. All of the above are correct. d. composition.
27. Sedimentary rocks are formed by the processes of 38. An example of a sedimentary rock is
compaction and a. basalt.
a. pressurization. b. granite.
b. melting. c. shale.
c. cementation. d. slate.
d. heating but not melting. 39. The term that does not describe a size of clastic sediment is
28. The greatest extent of metamorphic changes has occurred in a. gravel.
a. gneiss. b. sandstone.
b. schist. c. silt.
c. slate. d. boulder.
d. shale. 40. Dissolved rock materials form
29. Which type of rock probably existed first, starting the rock a. chemical sediments.
cycle? b. clastic sediments.
a. Metamorphic c. basaltic rocks.
b. Igneous d. igneous rocks.
c. Sedimentary 41. An example of a metamorphic rock is
d. All of the above are correct. a. marble.
30. Earth is unique because it has b. granite.
a. CO 2 in its atmosphere. c. limestone.
b. water covering most of its surface. d. sandstone.
c. fusion-powered energy in its core. 42. Extrusive igneous rocks are formed on Earth’s surface from
d. “land” quakes. a. magma.
31. The common structural feature of all silicates is b. lava.
a. silicon-silicon chains. c. slowly cooling hot solutions.
b. silicon-oxygen tetrahedral unit. d. sediments.
c. silicon-silicon rings. 43. Foliation is found in
d. silicon-oxygen chains. a. sedimentary rocks.
32. The one group that is not a subgroup of the silicate minerals is b. igneous rocks.
a. ferromagnesian. c. metamorphic rocks.
b. nonferromagnesian. d. all rocks.
c. plastic silicates.
Answers
d. clay minerals.
1. a 2. c 3. a 4. c 5. d 6. b 7. a 8. c 9. b 10. c 11. b 12. b 13. a 14. c
33. The property that is not considered useful in identifying
15. a 16. a 17. d 18. b 19. c 20. c 21. b 22. c 23. a 24. b 25. d 26. d
minerals is
27. c 28. a 29. b 30. b 31. b 32. c 33. d 34. d 35. b 36. c 37. b 38. c
a. hardness.
39. b 40. a 41. a 42. b 43. c
b. luster.
c. density.
d. melting point.

17-19 CHAPTER 17 Rocks and Minerals 451