Page 642 - 9780077418427.pdf

/Volume/201/MHDQ233/tat78194_disk1of1/0073378194/tat78194_pagefile
tiL12214_ch24_597-622.indd Page 619 9/23/10 11:09 AM user-f465
tiL12214_ch24_597-622.indd Page 619 9/23/10 11:09 AM user-f465 /Volume/201/MHDQ233/tat78194_disk1of1/0073378194/tat78194_pagefiles

4. What is a small body of running water? 14. The treatment of seawater to replenish freshwater
a. Runoff a. is readily available.
b. Stream b. kills ocean life.
c. Groundwater c. is energy-expensive.
d. Lake d. requires excessive filtration.
5. The land that is drained by a stream is called the 15. Deuterium from the oceans is considered a potential energy
a. riverbank. source for
b. watershed. a. chemical power.
c. river valley. b. thermal energy.
d. mouth of the stream. c. controlled fusion.
6. A small body of standing water is called a d. controlled fission.
a. stream. 16. Degradable pollution control is
b. pond. a. landfills.
c. lake. b. recycling.
d. watershed. c. wastewater treatment.
7. The amount of groundwater is estimated to be d. combustion.
a. equal to the amount of surface water. 17. The primary stage in wastewater treatment
b. less than the amount of surface water. a. removes persistent pollutants.
c. 25 times the amount of surface water. b. removes solids from wastewater.
d. twice the amount of surface water. c. removes degradable pollutants.
8. The total amount of pore spaces in a given sample of sediment is d. adds chlorine.
defined as 18. Chlorination of water is used to
a. grain size. a. kill harmful bacteria.
b. porosity. b. break down organic matter.
c. permeability. c. remove persistent pollutants.
d. concentration. d. provide needed nutrients.
9. The ability of a given sample of sediment to transport water is 19. The “rim of fire” surrounds the
defined as a. Atlantic Ocean.
a. grain size. b. Indian Ocean.
b. porosity. c. Pacific Ocean.
c. permeability. d. Gulf of Mexico.
d. concentration. 20. Dissolved materials and sediments are carried to oceans by
10. The amount of groundwater in a specific area does not a. rain.
depend on b. rivers.
a. porosity of the land. c. groundwater.
b. type of sediments. d. pollutants.
c. slope of the land. 21. What ion is found in seawater in the greatest amount?
d. a nearby lake or reservoir. a. Sodium ion, Na +
–
11. The surface of the boundary between the zone of saturation and b. Chloride ion, Cl
2+
the zone above is called the c. Calcium ion, Ca
+
a. water table. d. Potassium ion, K
b. permeable zone. 22. The amount of dissolved salts in seawater is measured as
c. impermeable zone. a. salt concentration.
d. groundwater table. b. solubility.
12. A layer of sand, gravel, sandstone, or any other highly permeable c. salinity.
material beneath Earth’s surface through which groundwater can d. percent.
move is a (an) 23. What is the part of a river where the freshwater mixes with the
a. well. salt water from the oceans?
b. spring. a. Watershed
c. aquifer. b. Estuary
d. artesian. c. Delta
13. Water that usually does not have to be filtered is obtained from a d. Wetland
a. lake. 24. A regular group of long-wavelength waves with a low wave
b. river. height is called
c. well. a. fetch.
d. reservoir. b. swell.
c. surf.
d. breakers.

24-23 CHAPTER 24 Earth’s Waters 619