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25. The distance that the wind blows across the open ocean is the 36. The salinity of seawater is increased locally by
a. fetch. a. the addition of water from a large river.
b. swell. b. heavy precipitation.
c. surf. c. the formation of sea ice.
d. breaker. d. None of the above is correct.
26. Steep volcanic peaks in the ocean basin are 37. Considering only the available light and the dissolving ability
a. ridges. of gases in seawater, more abundant life should be found in a
b. seamounts. a. cool, relatively shallow ocean.
c. steeds. b. warm, very deep ocean.
d. quarter islands. c. warm, relatively shallow ocean.
27. Of the total supply, the amount of water that is available for d. cool, very deep ocean.
human consumption and agriculture is 38. The regular, low-profile waves called swell are produced from
a. 97 percent. a. constant, prevailing winds.
b. about two-thirds. b. small, irregular waves becoming superimposed.
c. about 3 percent. c. longer wavelengths outrunning and outlasting shorter
d. less than 1 percent. wavelengths.
28. Considering yearly global averages of precipitation that falls on d. all wavelengths becoming transformed by gravity as they
and evaporates from the land, travel any great distance.
a. more is precipitated than evaporates. 39. If the wavelength of swell is 10.0 m, then you know that the fish
b. more evaporates than is precipitated. below the surface feel the waves to a depth of
c. there is a balance between the amount precipitated and the a. 5.0 m.
amount evaporated. b. 10.0 m.
d. there is no pattern that can be generalized. c. 20.0 m.
29. In general, how much of all the precipitation that falls on land d. however deep it is at the bottom.
ends up as runoff and groundwater? 40. In general, a breaker forms where the water depth is about one
a. 97 percent and one-third times the wave
b. About half a. period.
c. About one-third b. length.
d. Less than 1 percent c. height.
30. Groundwater is d. width.
a. any water beneath Earth’s surface. 41. Ocean currents are generally driven by
b. water beneath Earth’s surface from a saturated zone. a. the rotation of Earth.
c. water that soaks into the ground. b. the prevailing winds.
d. Any of the above is correct. c. rivers from the land.
31. How many different oceans are actually on Earth’s surface? d. All of the above are correct.
a. 14 42. Of the following, the greatest volume of water is moved by the
b. 7 a. Mississippi River.
c. 3 b. California Current.
d. 1 c. Gulf Stream.
32. The largest of the three principal ocean regions of Earth is the d. Colorado River.
a. Atlantic Ocean. 43. Water that is fit for human consumption and agriculture
b. Pacific Ocean. is called
c. Indian Ocean. a. seawater.
d. South American Ocean. b. freshwater.
33. The Gulf of Mexico is a shallow sea of the c. distilled water.
a. Atlantic Ocean. d. mountain water.
b. Pacific Ocean. 44. The continental divide that separates river systems in the
c. Indian Ocean. United States is the
d. South American Ocean. a. Mississippi River.
34. Measurement of the salts dissolved in seawater taken from various b. Rocky Mountains.
locations throughout the world shows that seawater has a c. Appalachian Mountains.
a. uniform chemical composition and a variable concentration. d. Rio Grande.
b. variable chemical composition and a variable concentration. 45. The average domestic daily use of water per person is estimated
c. uniform chemical composition and a uniform concentration. to be
d. variable chemical composition and a uniform concentration. a. 25 gal.
35. The percentage of dissolved salts in seawater averages about b. 50 gal.
a. 35 percent. c. 100 gal.
b. 3.5 percent. d. 150 gal.
c. 0.35 percent.
d. 0.035 percent.

620 CHAPTER 24 Earth’s Waters 24-24