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                      Raking piles







                             i
                             r  measured
                         perpendicular to the
                           neutral axis →




                                                       Figure 3-20

                        
                      b   ,b   , r i  = -0.5(0.97) = -0.485 m

                        
                      c   ,c   , r i  = 0.5(0.97) = 0.485



                      Vertical Piles

                      r i  measured perpendicular to the neutral axis

                        
                      b   ,b   , r i  = 0.25 c2,c3, r i  = 2.25m

                                     
                      a    , a    , a    , a    , r i  = -0.75m




                      PILE (k N)     a              b2, b3         c2, c3         b2, b4         c2, c4


                      r i            -0.75 m        0.25 m         2.25 m         0.485 m        0.485 m


                      Q (kN)         375            375            375            0              0
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