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CHAPTER 13 Martha E. Rogers 229

TABLE 13-2 Research Instruments and Practice Tools Derived From the Science of
Unitary Human Beings—cont’d
Person-Environment Participation Scale (PEPS) Measures the person’s experience of continuous human-environment
(Leddy, 1995, 1999) mutual process by means of semantic differential ratings of 15 bipolar
adjectives representing the content areas of comfort, influence, continuity,
ease, and energy.
Leddy Heartiness Scale (LHS) (Leddy, 1996) Measures the person’s perceived purpose and power to achieve goals by
means of Likert scale ratings of 26 items representing meaningfulness,
ends, choice, challenge, confidence, control, capability to function, and
connections.
McCanse Readiness for Death Instrument (MRDI) Measures physiological, psychological, sociological, and spiritual aspects
(McCanse,1995) of healthy field pattern, as death is developmentally approached by
means of a 26-item structured interview questionnaire.
Mutual Exploration of the Healing Human- Measures nurses’ and clients’ experiences and expressions of changing
Environmental Field Relationship (Carboni, 1992) configurations of energy field patterns of the healing human-environmental
field relationship using semi-structured and open-ended items. Forms
for a nurse and a single client and for a nurse and two or more clients
are available.
Practice Tool and Citation Description
Nursing Process Format (Falco & Lobo, 1995) Guides use of a Rogerian nursing process, including nursing assessment,
nursing diagnosis, nursing planning for implementation, and nursing
evaluation, according to the homeodynamic principles of integrality,
resonancy, and helicy.
Assessment Tool (Smith et al., 1991) Guides use of a Rogerian nursing process, including assessment, diagno-
sis, implementation, and evaluation, according to the homeodynamic
principles of complementarity (i.e., integrality), resonancy, and helicy,
for patients hospitalized in a critical care unit and their family members,
using open-ended questions.
Critical Thinking for Pattern Appraisal, Mutual Provides guidance for the nurse’s application of pattern appraisal, mutual
Patterning, and Evaluation Tool (Bultemeier, patterning, and evaluation, as well as areas for the client’s self-reflection,
2002) patterning activities, and personal appraisal.
Nursing Assessment of Patterns Indicative Guides assessment of patterns, including relative present, communication,
of Health (Madrid & Winstead-Fry, 1986) sense of rhythm, connection to environment, personal myth, and system
integrity.
Assessment Tool for Postpartum Mothers Guides assessment of mothers experiencing the challenges of their first
(Tettero et al., 1993) child during the postpartum period.
Assessment Criteria for Nursing Evaluation of the Guides assessment of the functional status of older adults living in their
Older Adult (Decker, 1989) own homes, including demographic data, client prioritization of problems,
sequential patterning (e.g., family of origin culture, past illnesses), rhyth-
mical patterning (e.g., health care usage, medication usage, social
contacts, acute illnesses), and cross-sectional patterning (e.g., current
living arrangements and health concerns, cognitive and emotional status).
Holistic Assessment of the Chronic Pain Client Guides holistic assessment of clients living in their own homes and experi-
(Garon, 1991) encing chronic pain, including the environmental field, the community, and
all systems in contact with the client; the home environment; client needs
and expectations; client and family strengths; the client’s pain experi-
ence—location, intensity, cause, meaning, effects on activities, life, and
relationships, relief measures, and goals; and client and family feelings
about illness and pain.
Continued