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successfully leading the other ensemble named Junior Afghan traditional
ensemble. This ensemble is some kind of “laboratory” of young musicians before
joining the Young Afghan Traditional ensemble. Despite their young age, young
musicians already performed in numerous TV programs, the Annual Children’s
Festival in Turkmenistan and prominently featured on the album “The Rose
garden of Light”, released internationally on Toccata Classics and Naxos in 2016.
Sitar and sarod teacher Ustad Ahmadullah Nabizada is leading the Sitar and
Sarod ensemble (consists of sitar, sarod, tabla), the students of which are playing
both Afghan and North Indian classical music. They already have performed in
the United States, India, Oman, and Argentina.
These initiatives of ANIM along with reviving traditional ensembles are
playing a great role in development of musical culture in Afghanistan. The
common tendencies for globalisation and westernisation traditional music can
be seen everywhere. Moreover, as we seen in case of musical culture of
Afghanistan, as shared cultural space no longer depends upon shared
geographical place, thus music, as well as traditional musical ensembles, serves
as an indicator of identity. The emotional connotations of music have the power
to help for preserving the common cultural values, heritage and historical past,
which were shared through the ages.

References:
1. Attali, Jasques. Noise: The political economy of music / Translated by:
Brain Massumi. University of Minnesota Press (June 1, 1986).
2. Baily, John. So near, so far: Kabul’s music in Exile // Special issue:
Music and Identity in Central Asia. Ethnomusicology Forum 14, no.2, 2005.
3. Pourjavady, Amir Hosein. Indian and Afghan Influences on Persian
Music Culture during the 18th and 19th Centuries // paper presented at
Conference on Music in the world of Islam, Assilah, Morocco, August 2007;
https://www.academia.edu/26449620/Indian_and_Afghan_Influences_on
_Persian_Musical_Culture_during_the_18th_and_19th_Centuries
4. Sarmast, Ahmad. A Survey of the History of Music in Afghanistan:
Special Reference to Art music from c.1000, Publ: VDM Verlag (April 26, 2009),
408 pp.
5. Music and the Play of Power in the Middle East, North Africa and
Central Asia (SOAS Srudies in Music) / Laudam Nooshen (ed). Routledge, 2016.
6. Vincent Dowd. Afghanistan’s first all-female orchestra Zohra visits the
UK // BBC News, 15 March 2019 at https://www.bbc.com/news/
entertainment-arts-47571463
7. Afghan young musicians take on US stage / Dawn, February 5, 2013
at https://www.dawn.com/news/783807/young-musicians-seek-to-show-
new-afghan-face

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