Page 202 - The Dinosaur Book and Other Wonders of the Prehistoric World (DK-Smithsonian)

Glossary Glossary

Adaptation Archaea
A feature of a living thing Microscopic organisms This bony fish,
that helps it thrive in its that resemble bacteria but Cladoselache, had a
environment and lifestyle. are only very distantly related. skeleton made of cartilage.
Adaptations are passed on Some Archaea live in extreme
to offspring and evolve environments, such as scalding Bony fish
over generations. or very salty water. Fish with a skeleton made the back of the skull. Many,
of bone. Bony fish are one of including Triceratops, had
Allosauroids Archosaurs the biggest groups of bony facial horns.
A group of theropod dinosaurs A group of related reptiles animals, or vertebrates. As
that lived during the Jurassic that includes extinct dinosaurs, well as familiar fish like tuna, Chitin
and Cretaceous Periods. birds, pterosaurs, and herring, and salmon, the group An organic substance that
crocodylians. They first also includes the ancestors forms the exoskeleton of
Ammonite appeared in the Triassic Period. of tetrapods. insects and other arthropods.
A mollusk, related to squid, that
had a coiled, chambered shell Arthropod Breeding colony Compound eye
and lived in Mesozoic seas. An invertebrate animal with a A large group of animals An eye formed from a mosaic
segmented body and a hard that has gathered to breed of many smaller eyes. Insects
Amphibian outer covering (exoskeleton). in one place. have compound eyes.
A cold-blooded animal that Extinct arthropods include
spends part of its life in water, trilobites. Living examples Brood Creodonts
such as a frog. They breathe include insects and spiders. In birds, to sit on eggs or An extinct group of
through their gills in early life, nestlings to keep them warm. flesh-eating mammals.
but as adults they live on Bacteria
land and breathe air through Microscopic, single-celled Camouflage Cyanobacteria
their lungs. organisms with no cell A disguise that helps an animal Bacteria that can use
nuclei. Bacteria are the most to blend in with its surroundings. sunlight to manufacture
Ancestor abundant organisms on Earth. their own food
An animal or plant species Carnivore by photosynthesis.
from which a more recent Bipedal An animal that eats meat.
species has evolved. Walking on two feet rather Cynodonts
than four. Humans and birds Ceratopsians A group of synapsids that
Ankylosaurs are bipedal, as were many Plant-eating dinosaurs, with a arose in the Late Permian
Four-legged, armored, dinosaurs. deep beak and a bony frill at (see also Synapsids).
plant-eating dinosaurs with
bony plates that covered the
neck, shoulders, and back.

Antenna
Movable sense organ on the
head of animals such as insects.

Long shoulder spikes may
have protected this
ankylosaur, Sauropelta,
from predators.

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