Page 337 - (DK) The Business Book

DIRECTORY 335

computers at 13 with his friend management. He wrote 12 books,
KATHLEEN EISENHARDT Paul Allen, with whom he later co- two of which revolutionized
1947– founded Microsoft. Gates studied corporate management: Managing
law at Harvard University for two Across Borders and The
Stanford University professor years before pulling out to set up Individualised Corporation.
Kathleen Eisenhardt is a leading Microsoft with Allen in 1975. As See also: Organizational Culture
expert in strategy within high- CEO, Gates built Microsoft into one 104–09
velocity markets and industries, of the world’s largest companies. In
such as Silicon Valley. Originally 1994 he set up the William H. Gates
trained in mechanical engineering charitable foundation, with an GARY HAMEL
(studying at Brown University, RI), initial contribution of $28 billion. 1954–
Eisenhardt then earned an MSc in See also: Leading the market 166–
computer science and a PhD in 69 ■ The right technology 314–15 Strategist Gary Hamel got his PhD
business at Stanford. Her 1998 book at the University of Michigan, MI,
Competing on the Edge (co-written before joining the faculty of the
with Shona Brown) is a classic text. PANKAJ GHEMAWAT London Business School in 1983.
See also: Avoiding complacency 1959– Ten years later he founded a
194–201 ■ Coping with chaos consulting business in Silicon
220–21 Born in Jodhpur, India, Pankaj Valley, CA, to gain experience
Ghemawat lived in the US for 30 at the cutting edge of high-tech
years before moving to Spain. He companies. Today he also works
HENRI FAYOL demonstrated academic excellence as a visiting professor at Harvard
1841–1925 at any early age; he was accepted and Oxford universities. In 1995
for a PhD at Harvard Business he co-authored a best-selling
Born in Istanbul, Turkey, in 1841, School at 19, finishing it in just three book with C. K. Prahalad called
Henri Fayol studied engineering years. After working for a short time Competing for the Future, which
at the Ecole des Mines de Saint at consulting company McKinsey & introduced the concepts of “core
Etienne in France before becoming Company, he returned to Harvard to competence” to the business world.
a mining engineer. His innovative become its youngest-ever professor. See also: Protect the core business
approach to technical problems and An expert on global strategy, he 170–71 ■ C. K. Prahalad 338
management led him to develop controversially questioned the idea
organizational theories that altered of globalization, claiming that
contemporary thinking. He was companies need to find a balance JOHN H. JOHNSON
the first person to conceptualize between “local” and “global.” 1918–2005
the organization of an industrial See also: Understanding the
company, and conducted market 234–41 Media magnate John Harold
groundbreaking work on Johnson was born in Arkansas City,
operational excellence. AR. The grandson of slaves, he was
See also: Simplify processes 296– SUMANTRA GHOSHAL unable to further his education
99 ■ Critical path analysis 328–29 1948–2004 because local high schools would
not accept black students, but
Organizational expert Sumantra shone academically after his family
BILL GATES Ghoshal was born in Kolkata, moved to Chicago. After winning
1955– India. He studied physics at Delhi a scholarship to the University of
University and worked as a manager Chicago, he became the editor of a
William Henry Gates was born in at Indian Oil before completing corporate magazine. In 1942, using
Seattle, WA, in 1955. His father was PhDs at MIT and Harvard Business a loan secured against his mother’s
a lawyer and his mother was active School in the US. In 1994 he joined furniture, he began a black-oriented
in the civic and corporate world. London Business School, where he magazine that later became known
Gates began programming became professor of strategic as Ebony. In 1951 he started Jet