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Chemistry Form 4 • MODULE

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3
4 200 cm of 1 mol dm barium chloride solution reacts 100 cm of 1 mol dm silver nitrate solution. Calculate the mass
of precipitate produced. [Relative atomic mass Ag = 108, Cl = 35.5]
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200 cm larutan barium klorida 1 mol dm bertindak balas dengan 100 cm larutan argentum nitrat 1 mol dm . Hitungkan jisim mendakan
yang terbentuk. [Jisim atom relatif: Ag = 108, Cl = 35.5]
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M = 0.1 mol dm M = 0.2 mol dm –3
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V = 100 cm V = 100 cm , ? g
BaCl + 2AgNO 2AgCl + Ba(NO )
2 3 3 2
1 × 200
Mol of barium chloride = = 0.2 mol (excess)
1 000
1 × 100
Mol of silver nitrate = = 0.1 mol
1 000
From the equation, 1 mol of BaCl : 2 mol of AgNO : 2 mol of AgCl
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0.2 mol of BaCl (lebih) : 0.1 mol of AgNO : 0.1 mol of AgCl
2 3
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Mass of AgCl = 0.1 mol × [108 + 35.5] g mol = 14.35 g
Qualitative Analysis of Salts / Analisis Kualitatif Garam
1 Qualitative analysis of a salt is a chemical technique to identify the ions present in a salt.
Analisis kualitatif garam ialah suatu teknik dalam kimia yang digunakan untu mengenal pasti ion-ion yang hadir dalam garam.
2 The qualitative analysis consists of the following steps:
Analisis kualitatif terdiri daripada langkah-langkah berikut:
(a) Observe the physical properties on salt.
Perhatikan sifat-sifat fizik garam.
(b) The action of heat on salts.
Kesan haba ke atas garam.
(c) Prepare aqueous solution of salts and conduct conf rmatory test for cation and anion present.
Sediakan larutan akueus garam dan menjalankan ujian pengesahan untuk kation dan anion yang hadir.

Physical Properties of Salt
Sifat-Sifat Fizik Garam

1 Physical properties such as colour and solubility indicate the possibility of the presence of certain cations, anions or metal
oxide.
Sifat-sifat fizikal seperti warna dan keterlarutan menunjukkan kemungkinan kehadiran kation, anion atau oksida logam tertentu.
Solid Aqueous Salts/ Cation/Metal oxide
Pepejal Larutan akueus Garam/Kation/Oksida logam
White Colourless K , Na , Ca , Mg , Al , Zn , Pb , NH +
2+
2+
+
2+
+
2+
3+
Putih Tanpa warna 4
Green Insoluble CuCO
Hijau Tak larut 3
Light green Light Green Fe , contoh: FeSO , FeCl , Fe(NO )
2+
Hijau muda Hijau muda 4 2 3 2
Blue Blue CuSO , Cu(NO ) dan CuCl
Biru Biru 4 3 2 2
Brown Brown Fe 3+
Perang Perang
Black Insoluble CuO
Hitam Tak larut
Yellow when hot, white when cold Insoluble
Kuning apabila panas, putih apabila sejuk Tak larut ZnO
Brown when hot, yellow when cold Insoluble
Perang apabila panas, kuning apabila sejuk Tak larut PbO

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07-Chem F4 (3p).indd 153 12/9/2011 5:55:23 PM