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Microbiology ` microbiology—systems Microbiology ` microbiology—systems SEcTioN ii 183

Red rashes of childhood
ageNt associateD syNDrome/Disease cliNical PreseNtatioN
Coxsackievirus type A Hand-foot-mouth disease Oval-shaped vesicles on palms and soles
A ; vesicles and ulcers in oral mucosa
(herpangina)
Human herpesvirus 6 Roseola (exanthem subitum) Asymptomatic rose-colored macules appear
on body after several days of high fever; can
present with febrile seizures; usually affects
infants
Measles virus Measles (rubeola) Confluent rash beginning at head and
moving down; preceded by cough, coryza,
conjunctivitis, and blue-white (Koplik) spots
on buccal mucosa
Parvovirus B19 Erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) “Slapped cheek” rash on face B (can cause
hydrops fetalis in pregnant women)
Rubella virus Rubella Pink macules and papules begin at head
and move down, remain discrete Ž fine
desquamating truncal rash; postauricular
lymphadenopathy
Streptococcus pyogenes Scarlet fever Flushed cheeks and circumoral pallor C on face;
erythematous, sandpaper-like rash from neck
to trunk and extremities; fever, sore throat,
strawberry tongue
Varicella-Zoster virus Chickenpox Vesicular rash begins on trunk; spreads to face
D and extremities with lesions of different
stages

A B C D

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