Page 458 - First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 2020, Thirtieth edition [MedicalBooksVN.com]_Neat

414 SectIon III Hematology and oncology ` hematology and oncology—Pathology Hematology and oncology ` hematology and oncology—Pathology

` hematology and oncology—Pathology

RBC morphology
tyPe eXamPle aSSocIated Pathology noteS
Acanthocytes Liver disease, abetalipoproteinemia Projections of varying size at
(“spur cells”) irregular intervals.

Echinocytes Liver disease, ESRD, pyruvate Smaller and more uniform
(“burr cells”) kinase deficiency projections than acanthocytes

Dacrocytes Bone marrow infiltration (eg, RBC “sheds a tear” because it’s
(“teardrop cells”) myelofibrosis) mechanically squeezed out of its
home in the bone marrow

Schistocytes MAHAs (eg, DIC, TTP/HUS, Fragmented RBCs
(eg, “helmet” cells) HELLP syndrome), mechanical
hemolysis (eg, heart valve
prosthesis)

Degmacytes (“bite G6PD deficiency Due to removal of Heinz bodies by
cells”) splenic macrophages

Elliptocytes Hereditary elliptocytosis Caused by mutation in genes
encoding RBC membrane
proteins (eg, spectrin)

FAS1_2019_10-HemaOncol.indd 414 11/7/19 5:04 PM