Page 735 - First Aid for the USMLE Step 1 2020, Thirtieth edition [MedicalBooksVN.com]_Neat

Rapid Review ` ClassiC Presentations Rapid Review ` ClassiC Presentations SeCTiON iii 691

CliniCal Presentation DiaGnosis/Disease PaGe
Recurrent cold (noninflamed) abscesses, eczema, high Hyper-IgE syndrome (Job syndrome: neutrophil 116
serum IgE,  eosinophils chemotaxis abnormality)
“Strawberry tongue” Scarlet fever 136,
Kawasaki disease 314
Abdominal pain, diarrhea, leukocytosis, recent antibiotic Clostridium difficile infection 138
use
Back pain, fever, night sweats Pott disease (vertebral TB) 140
Adrenal hemorrhage, hypotension, DIC Waterhouse-Friderichsen syndrome (meningococcemia) 142,
349
Red “currant jelly” sputum in alcoholic or diabetic Klebsiella pneumoniae pneumonia 145
patients
Large rash with bull’s-eye appearance Erythema migrans from Ixodes tick bite (Lyme disease: 146
Borrelia)
Ulcerated genital lesion Nonpainful, indurated: chancre (1° syphilis, Treponema 147,
pallidum) 184
Painful, with exudate: chancroid (Haemophilus ducreyi)
Pupil accommodates but doesn’t react Neurosyphilis (Argyll Robertson pupil) 147
Smooth, moist, painless, wart-like white lesions on Condylomata lata (2° syphilis) 147
genitals
Fever, chills, headache, myalgia following antibiotic Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction (rapid lysis of spirochetes 148
treatment for syphilis results in endotoxin-like release)
Dog or cat bite resulting in infection Pasteurella multocida (cellulitis at inoculation site) 149
Rash on palms and soles Coxsackie A, 2° syphilis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever 150
Black eschar on face of patient with diabetic ketoacidosis Mucor or Rhizopus fungal infection 153
Chorioretinitis, hydrocephalus, intracranial calcifications Congenital toxoplasmosis 156

Child with fever later develops red rash on face that Erythema infectiosum/fifth disease (“slapped cheeks” 164
spreads to body appearance, caused by parvovirus B19)
Fever, cough, conjunctivitis, coryza, diffuse rash Measles 170
Small, irregular red spots on buccal/lingual mucosa with Koplik spots (measles [rubeola] virus) 170
blue-white centers
Bounding pulses, wide pulse pressure, diastolic heart Aortic regurgitation 291
murmur, head bobbing
Systolic ejection murmur (crescendo-decrescendo) Aortic stenosis 291
Continuous “machine-like” heart murmur PDA (close with indomethacin; keep open with PGE 291
analogs)
Chest pain on exertion Angina (stable: with moderate exertion; unstable: with 304
minimal exertion or at rest)
Chest pain with ST depressions on ECG Angina (⊝ troponins) or NSTEMI (⊕ troponins) 304
Chest pain, pericardial effusion/friction rub, persistent Dressler syndrome (autoimmune-mediated post-MI 307
fever following MI fibrinous pericarditis, 2 weeks to several months after
acute episode)
Painful, raised red lesions on pads of fingers/toes Osler nodes (infective endocarditis, immune complex 311
deposition)

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